Fibers of Textile Materials (2): Differentiated Fibers

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　1. Definition and how to obtain
Differential chemical fibers usually refer to fibers that have been physically or chemically modified on the basis of the original fiber composition to achieve a certain degree of improvement in properties. There are three main ways to differentiate fiber:
(1) Physical modification
It refers to the method of changing the physical structure of fiber polymer materials to change the properties of fibers. The main content includes improving polymerization and spinning conditions.
(2) Chemical modification
It refers to a method of modifying the fiber by changing its original chemical structure. Modification methods mainly include copolymerization, grafting, cross-linking, corrosion, electroplating, etc.
(3) Surface physical and chemical modification
It refers to the use of high-energy rays, strong ultraviolet rays or laser radiation, or low-temperature plasma to modify the surface of fibers such as etching, activation, grafting, cross-linking, and coating. It is a typical cleaning and finishing method.
2. Classification of Differential Chemical Fiber Dimensions
(1) Textured yarn
A method of improving fiber properties by changing the crimp shape of synthetic fibers, that is, imitating the crimp characteristics of wool.
(2) Special-shaped fiber
Refers to fibers whose cross-sectional shape is not solid circular but has a certain special shape.
(3) Laminating fiber
It is a fiber spun from two or more polymers or the same polymer with different properties through a spinneret.
(4) Microfiber
Theoretically, fibers with a fineness less than 0.9dtex are called ultrafine fibers. In fact, among cotton-type fibers, those with a fineness less than 1 dtex are ultrafine fibers; among wool-type fibers, those with a fineness less than 2.2 dtex are ultra-fine fibers.
(5) High shrinkage fiber
Refers to the fibers whose length bends and shrinks or shrinks in a regular manner under the action of heat or heat and moisture.
(6) Easy-to-color fiber
Easy coloring means that it can be colored with different dyes or at non-high temperatures, and has bright colors, complete chromatograms, uniform tones, good dyeing fastness, and gentle coloring conditions. Polyester is a fiber that is difficult to color among commonly used synthetic fibers. Easy-to-color synthetic fibers mainly refer to color-modified fibers of polyester.
(7) Water-absorbent fiber
Refers to fibers that have the ability to absorb moisture and transport moisture to adjacent fibers. Mainly used in functional underwear, casual wear, training wear, casual socks and sanitary products, etc.
(8) Mixed fiber yarn
refers to a multifilament composed of monofilaments with different geometric shapes or physical properties. Fibers of Fabric Materials (2): Differential Chemical Fiber Dimensions

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