Xinjiang’s first new high-yield long-staple cotton variety achieves full mechanized harvesting
On October 28, the 2021 machine-picked long-staple cotton new variety New No. 78 machine-picked on-site identification and observation meeting was held at Jinxiang Farm in Aksu City. According to an on-site inspection by acceptance experts organized by the Aksu Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, the actual yield of seed cotton harvested by machine was 511.5 kilograms per mu, and the net harvest rate was over 97.11%.
Long-staple cotton, also known as island cotton, is named after its long fibers. In 2021, Xinjiang’s new machine-harvested long-staple cotton variety Xinhai No. 78 was promoted and planted on 17,000 acres in Aksu City. New No. 78 is the result of nearly 10 years of research by the Economic Crop Research Institute of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The strain is obtained through cross-breeding, with a growth period of about 130 days, a single boll weighing about 3.2 grams, smooth and concentrated flocculation, strong impact resistance, and suitable for mechanical harvesting. Wu Hongtao, chairman and general manager of Xinjiang Tianyu Seed Industry Co., Ltd., happily said that this time, the yield of long-staple cotton per mu exceeded 500 kilograms in history.
The Aksu region is the country’s high-quality long-staple cotton production base and is known as the “hometown of long-staple cotton.” Due to the lack of long-staple cotton varieties suitable for machine picking, long-staple cotton picking in the Aksu region is still mainly done by hand. According to estimates, the picking cost of long-staple cotton will reach 2.5 yuan per kilogram in 2020. Based on the average long-staple cotton seed cotton yield in the region of 302 kilograms, the hand-picking cost will be as high as 755 yuan per mu, accounting for about 35% of the total long-staple cotton production value. High picking fees have greatly reduced cotton farmers’ enthusiasm for planting, and the long-staple cotton picking method has become a “bottleneck” issue restricting the healthy development of regional long-staple cotton. Now that long-staple cotton has been machine-harvested, the high-end pure cotton fabrics produced by the company will no longer be contaminated by hair, chemical fibers, linen and other impurities, and the quality will be greatly improved.
Cui Jianping, a researcher at the Economic Crop Research Institute of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said: In the future, we need to strengthen the breeding of new varieties and breed more long-staple cotton varieties suitable for machine harvesting. We also need to breed different types of long-staple cotton. Those spinning 300-count yarn, those spinning 200-count yarn, long-staple cotton varieties with different fiber length requirements.
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