The impact of unclean desizing during textile pretreatment on post-processing

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Textile polyester and cotton fabric printing and dyeing desizing

At present, starch and polyvinyl alcohol are widely used as sizing materials for textile fabrics in my country. Among them, mixed slurries are often used in weaving factories because they have a relatively good effect on weaving. However, it is more difficult for printing and dyeing factories to remove mixed slurry than pure starch slurry, especially when using fiber-grade polyvinyl alcohol. Due to its high degree of polymerization and alcoholysis and poor water solubility, desizing is more difficult.

Take polyester-cotton fabric as an example. Because desizing is not clean, it will seriously affect the subsequent scouring, bleaching, mercerization, dyeing, Printing and finishing. If the desizing is not clean, singeing will occur. When the top of the polyester melts into small balls, the synthetic slurry can be mixed into the fiber, which lowers the softening point of the polyester. During heat setting, the dye can enter the fiber in advance, causing the sublimation point of the dye to be lowered. . During printing and washing, this “modified” polyester is easily stained by reactive dyes, and can also cause excessive polyvinyl alcohol content in the mercerizing alkali solution. The pipes of the three-effect evaporator are blocked during recovery of evaporation concentration, affecting normal operation. When dyeing dark colors, dye rejection can occur, and the cloth surface appears similar to white cloud spots, commonly known as “white cloud flowers”. Therefore, cotton fabric requires at least 80% of the slurry to be removed, and the residual slurry on the cloth must be controlled to less than 1% of the cloth weight.

Sizing is an effective protection measure for weaving factories, but it is a heavy burden for printing and dyeing factories. Due to unclean desizing, the fabric does not penetrate well, feels rough and has a dull color, thus reducing the processing quality. Therefore, attention must be paid to desizing. The weaving factory must also consider the difficulty of printing and dyeing production when selecting slurries and processes. Only in this way can the quality of the final product be comprehensively improved.

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