A brief analysis of South Korea’s apparel export promotion system
South Korea’s economic take-off was earlier than that of China. There is a time difference in the development stages of garment export trade between China and South Korea. Using “external history” as an “internal reference” can not only help China avoid detours in the development of garment export trade, but Moreover, South Korea’s successful experience in developing garment exports can also be used to “use South Korea for China”
As one of the “Four Asian Little Dragons”, South Korea’s economic growth process has benefited to a large extent from the light textile industry. The development of export-oriented industries then shifted the focus of economic development to the heavy chemical industry and information industry. This is also the historical background for the ups and downs in the scale of South Korea’s clothing exports.
For my country’s garment industry, we should start from the ups and downs of the development process of Korean garment exports and learn from the past and present of the Korean garment export promotion system. On the one hand, the reason why we should learn from the past of South Korea’s clothing export promotion system is mainly because South Korea’s economic take-off was earlier than that of China. There is a time difference in the development stages of clothing export trade between China and South Korea. “Internal learning” can not only avoid detours in the development of clothing export trade, but also use South Korea’s successful experience in developing clothing exports to “use South Korea for China.” On the other hand, the main reason why we should learn from South Korea’s clothing export promotion system is that the situation that South Korea’s clothing exports are currently facing is very likely to be faced by my country’s clothing industry at a certain stage of development in the future. Therefore, as far as China’s clothing exports are concerned, In terms of development direction, the fundamental purpose of studying how the development of South Korea’s apparel export trade can achieve “increasing income without increasing production” by shifting from relying on price competition to relying on non-price competition is to use South Korea as a mirror to prepare for future opportunities and opportunities. challenge.
It should be pointed out that although South Korea’s apparel exports benefit to a large extent from its own relatively complete set of policy support systems, due to the differences in national conditions between China and South Korea, this set of policies It is also unrealistic to completely transplant the system to China. Relatively speaking, the formation of the macro policy system to promote South Korea’s clothing exports is influenced by many political and economic factors other than the clothing industry. Some policies do have an obvious role in promoting clothing exports, but they can only be adopted in South Korea and not in China. It can be adopted. For example, South Korea did not encourage foreign direct investment in the initial stage of its economy, but used government-guaranteed foreign borrowing as the main means of utilizing foreign capital. However, China’s utilization of foreign capital, especially for the Chinese garment industry, is to a large extent. Need to rely on foreign direct investment in China. At the same time, the formation of the micro-policy system to promote Korean apparel exports is mainly influenced by market factors. Since the micro system only involves promotion policies related to Korean apparel exports, this policy system is highly adjustable and has become a key reference for the development of China’s apparel export trade.
Specifically speaking, for the Chinese garment industry that wants to further develop export trade, in terms of learning from the Korean export promotion system, it is necessary to clarify what policies do not need to be learned from and what policies cannot be learned from. On this basis, we can finally determine what kind of policies we need to learn from South Korea in the promotion system of clothing exports at this stage.
On the one hand, some of South Korea’s policies to promote apparel exports are launched in response to certain disadvantages that exist in South Korea. We do not have such disadvantages, so there is no need to “comprehensive South Korea” in terms of policy reference. change”. For example, the Korean garment industry has adopted many policies in recent years to promote export trade, which are based on the orientation of “increasing income without increasing production”, which is difficult for us to learn from. It should be noted that South Korea’s labor resources are close to full employment relative to its economic aggregate. South Korea’s policy orientation of “increasing income without increasing production” in apparel exports is caused by its rising labor costs and is unacceptable. , and my country has abundant labor resources. According to the goal of full employment, the elasticity of wages to labor supply is significantly higher than that of South Korea. It is fully qualified to follow the path of “increasing income and production” in policy orientation.
On the other hand, although the implementation of other policies in South Korea to promote garment exports has achieved remarkable results, our country’s garment industry does not have the conditions to imitate them, so in this sense it cannot be copied. For example, when formulating certain policies to promote clothing exports, South Korea basically does not need to consider the impact of its own clothing exports on clothing prices in the international market. This is because the scale of South Korea’s clothing exports does not account for a very large proportion in the international market. Large, South Korea can only be a “small trading country” in the clothing market. On the contrary, as a “big trading country”, China cannot help but see the impact of its own clothing exports on clothing market prices when formulating certain policies to promote clothing exports.
It is not difficult to see that the impact of the Korean garment industry on the international market is far behind that of its Chinese counterparts. According to the small country model, South Korea’s policy to promote clothing exports can be understood as an unbounded assumption. As long as conditions are met, South Korea’s clothing exports can grow “infinitely” within a certain period of time. On the contrary, according to the great power model, China promotes clothing exports.�’s policy can be understood as a bounded assumption, that is, the policy orientation within a certain period can only be to pursue the expansion of the scale of apparel exports.
Of course, South Korea’s policy system for promoting apparel exports is still the main reference for the export trade development of China’s garment industry, such as the peer information exchange system/professional division of labor/research and development among peers. Coordination/Industrial Development Fund/Advanced Education and many other policies are worth chewing carefully, and I have learned from them in the end. How to draw lessons from them depends on the circumstances of the time and local conditions, so I won’t go into details here. (AAMHCGVVBEW
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