Smart fiber materials and their applications
Smart fiber materials refer to fibers that can sense changes in the surrounding environment or reflect certain changes after being stimulated. The reason why smart fibers have this function is: Mainly, this fiber contains the functions of sensing, execution and processor, and has the ability to sense, execute, regulate, identify, change and adapt. According to relevant information, the current varieties of smart fiber materials include: optical fiber sensors, shape memory fibers, color-changing fibers, temperature-regulating fibers, intelligent antibacterial fibers, etc.
Fiber optic sensor
Fiber optic sensor is a mature smart fiber material currently developed. It can detect strain, temperature, displacement, pressure, current, magnetic field, acceleration, Chemical concentration and other signals. At present, plastic optical fiber sensors are implanted in foreign countries into hospital gowns or space suits, which can assist medical staff in detecting people’s heartbeat, body temperature, blood pressure, breathing, etc. It can also help monitoring personnel understand and grasp the physical conditions of astronauts, athletes, and pilots. Baby clothing can prevent infants from dying due to suffocation while sleeping; if soldiers wear such clothing, once they are shot and injured on the battlefield, rescuers can get the information and quickly carry out rescue operations.
Shape memory fiber
Shape memory fiber can remember the shape given by the outside world when heated. And the shape is fixed at low temperature, and the original memory can be restored when heated again. Fibers currently made from nickel-titanium alloys have this property and are blended with other fibers to make shirts. When you feel hot. The sleeves will automatically roll up or shorten the sleeves. It can be used for medical orthopedics, anti-scald clothing and new memory clothing. This fiber can also be used as raw material to make smart fabrics. When “the body temperature is different from the outside temperature, the breathable holes of the fabric will expand and contract, and the thermal insulation strength will change, making the clothing fabric as if it has a brain.” It has a memory function.
Intelligent color-changing fiber
Intelligent color-changing fiber is reversible and can automatically change color when encountering stimulation such as light, heat, water, or various radiations. It is used to make soldiers’ clothing, which can produce color changes when encountering different temperatures or light. It can hide oneself from being discovered by the other party, and can also be made into actors’ costumes and children’s costumes. As the light or temperature changes on the stage or indoors and outdoors, it shows changing colors, producing more brilliant stage effects and Children’s curiosity. Swimming suits can be made using color-changing fibers. When a swimmer wears this kind of swimsuit to swim in the water, due to changes in the swimmer’s body temperature or the water temperature, the color-changing fibers will change color, making the audience watching the swimming competition, while watching the swimming competition, At the same time. You can also get a kind of beautiful enjoyment in the senses.
Intelligent temperature-regulating fiber
This fiber can absorb heat and store it inside the fiber, or release heat stored in the fiber as the external environment temperature changes. The function of heat. A microclimate environment with a relatively constant temperature is formed around the fiber. Thereby achieving the purpose of regulating temperature. People can use the properties of temperature-regulating fibers to make ski shirts, boots, hats, gloves, socks and sportswear, etc. It enables the wearer to automatically adjust the temperature when the outside temperature changes, thus playing the role of insulation and cold protection.
Intelligent antibacterial fiber
Intelligent antibacterial fiber is a fiber that contains antibacterial agents inside the fiber. Medical dressings made of this fiber may be made into Underwear, worn on the body or bandaged on the patient’s skin wounds. It has good antibacterial effect and prevents infection. It also has the effect of preventing skin allergies. Because the antibacterial agent does not adhere to the surface of the fiber. So you don’t have to worry about it being washed off or lost. Even if you wash it, it can be washed more than 30 times.
In recent years, smart fiber materials have developed rapidly. Industry insiders pointed out that smart fiber materials will be the direction to guide the scientific development of textile materials in the 21st century, and their application and development will bring the textile industry to a higher level of development. stage.
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