The intrinsic quality indicators of cotton fiber mainly include fiber length, fiber fineness, fiber strength and fiber maturity.
Fiber length refers to the distance between the two ends of a straight fiber. There are different methods of measuring fiber length. The length measured by the hand pulling ruler method is called the hand pulling length; the length measured by the carding method is called the carding length; the length measured by the cotton fiber photoelectric length meter is called the photoelectric length; the length measured by the large-capacity fiber analyzer is called The length is called the span length, and the commonly used one is 2.5% span length, referred to as 2.5% fiber span length. Generally speaking, carding length > hand pulled length, photoelectric length > 2.5% fiber span length. The length of cotton fiber is closely related to the strength of the yarn. Spinning with longer fibers will increase the length of cohesion between the fibers, making the fibers less likely to slip off when the yarn is subjected to external forces, and the strength of the yarn will be higher.
Cotton fiber fineness refers to the thickness of the fiber, and its direct meaning is the diameter of the fiber cells. Since the diameter of cotton fiber is difficult to measure directly, and the main measure of cotton yarn thickness is weight fineness, that is, the length per unit weight, weight fineness is often used to describe the thickness of the fiber. Nowadays, air flow meters are commonly used to measure the fineness of fibers, which uses the principle of air flow to quickly measure the fiber specific surface area and estimate the fineness of the fibers, expressed as micronaire values. Fiber fineness is closely related to yarn strength. Since cotton yarn is made up of multiple fibers, the yarn strength is not only determined by the strength of the fiber itself, but also depends on the number of fibers per unit yarn fineness and the distance between fibers. The degree of relative slippage is related to the evenness of the evenness. When spinning high-count yarn, only raw cotton with longer fibers and better fineness can be used.
Cotton fiber strength refers to the strength of cotton fiber against tensile breakage. When other indicators are basically the same, fiber strength is positively correlated with yarn and cloth quality. In the case of high speed of modern spinning equipment, the fiber strength is high, which plays an important role in reducing the breakage rate in spinning and improving production efficiency.
Cotton fiber maturity is an important indicator reflecting the degree of fiber cell wall thickening. When fiber cell diameters are similar, the thicker the cell wall, the higher the maturity. The fineness, micronaire value, strength and dyeing characteristics of cotton fibers are all closely related to maturity.
High-quality raw cotton fiber requires that the main physical performance indicators must be coordinated, that is, the length, strength, fineness and uniformity of the fiber must be reasonably matched with each other. Good individual indicators cannot represent good overall quality.
Source: Dayao Textile
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