Xinjiang’s cotton harvest “password”
The world’s cotton looks to China, and Chinese cotton looks to Xinjiang.
This year, cotton production in the region has increased steadily. The output is expected to increase by 3.1% compared with the same period last year. Quality indicators such as color grade, fiber length, and breaking strength of cotton in the region have also achieved significant improvements year-on-year. CottonQuality was significantly better than the previous year, and production efficiency continued to improve.
Behind the bumper cotton harvest in Xinjiang is the fact that the region has continued to implement new development concepts as a guide in recent years, in-depth implementation of the cotton supply-side structural reform, and made simultaneous efforts in optimizing the production structure, accelerating technology promotion, and cultivating business entities. result.
Optimize layout and stabilize production capacity
As the country’s largest high-quality commercial cotton base, Xinjiang’s huge cotton production capacity advantage is unquestionable. As of last year, the region’s cotton planting area, unit yield, total output, commodity volume, and transfer volume have ranked first in the country for 27 consecutive years. Cotton production accounts for 87.3% and 19% of national and global cotton production.
It can be said that scientific and reasonable stabilization of production capacity is not only the advantage but also the responsibility of Xinjiang as a cotton region. It is related to the healthy development of upstream and downstream industries and is of great significance.
“Xinjiang’s cotton production capacity advantage needs to be steadily released in a scientific production structure.” Tang Yiwu, director of the Planting Industry and Pesticide Management Division of the Autonomous Region’s Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that in recent years, the region has continued to guide cotton production layout to concentrate on advantageous cotton areas , optimize the cotton variety structure, improve cotton quality, and stabilize production capacity scientifically and rationally.
Yuli County is one of the counties with millions of acres of cotton planting in our region. More than 90% of the county’s arable land is used to grow cotton. Since 2017, Yuli County has begun to vigorously promote land transfer. By introducing leading enterprises to transfer 450,000 acres of land, it has actively built high-standard cotton fields and cotton seed breeding bases. Through measures such as optimizing the variety structure and improving the level of mechanization, it has achieved an average increase in seed cotton production of 100 per mu. Kilogram.
“We have grown more cotton on the same area of land, further increasing our income, and cotton has become our flower of wealth.” Erken Reyi, a cotton farmer in Basimaili Village, Gulebag Township, Yuli County Mu said that now, thanks to mechanized and scientific production methods, a single farmer can plant hundreds of acres of cotton, becoming the biggest beneficiary of modern cotton planting.
Tang Yiwu said that this year, the region has reduced more than 300,000 acres of sub-optimal cotton areas without water supply guarantees and fruit-cotton intercropping to concentrate cotton production in suitable cotton areas and improve the utilization level of production resources. The number of cotton varieties with an area of more than 10,000 acres in the region has been reduced from 64 in 2020 to 45. Through policy guidance, project promotion, and technical support, the agricultural and rural departments of the autonomous region continue to optimize the layout of cotton production, improve infrastructure construction, and increase the rate of key technologies in place. This year, the average cotton yield in the region is expected to increase by 1.28 kg/mu compared with the previous year, with the yield exceeding the world average. The region’s cotton production capacity has been scientifically and rationally released, and the development level has reached a new level.
Promote technology to improve quality
High-level cotton production is inseparable from stable production capacity and excellent quality.
This year is the year of cotton quality improvement determined by the autonomous region. The agricultural and rural departments of the autonomous region insist on focusing on improving the quality of cotton production links and take effective measures such as optimizing the regional layout and variety structure of cotton, strengthening field management, and strengthening quality control during the harvest period. Continuously promote the improvement of cotton quality and output.
Tang Yiwu said that this spring, many major cotton-producing areas in the region experienced low temperature and rainy weather. The climate was generally not conducive to cotton growth, and the cotton growth period was generally delayed by 7-15 days. In order to cope with adverse weather conditions, the Autonomous Region’s Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs organized hundreds of professional and technical personnel to go to 12 cotton-growing prefectures and cities and 34 cotton-growing counties and cities to carry out a 20-day full-coverage pull-net field management technical service guidance. Through guiding farmers We will implement key technical measures such as water and fertilizer management, timely topping, scientific control, and integrated pest and disease control, and make every effort to manage cotton fields, laying a solid foundation for improving cotton quality this year.
“Agricultural technicians went to the fields to help us improve our planting technology, and taught me step by step the standardized technical operations in pest control, flower and fruit preservation, etc., which effectively alleviated the delay in the cotton growth period caused by low temperatures in the early stage, and helped us An increase in production and income has been achieved.” Cotton farmer Usman Kadir of Sanba Village, Yangtak Township, Maigaiti County, said that this year, his family planted 410 acres of cotton and achieved a bumper harvest, and his income increased by 150,000 yuan compared with last year.
According to the notarized inspection data of Xinjiang’s cotton professional supervision warehouse, as of the end of October, among the lint cotton that had completed public inspection in the warehouse, the white cotton was grade 1 to grade 3. Accounting for 99.2%, a year-on-year increase of 6.3%; the average fiber length of cotton is 29.24 mm, a year-on-year increase of 0.78 mm; various quality indicators such as average breaking strength and length uniformity have achieved significant year-on-year improvements, and the quality advantages of Xinjiang cotton have been further highlighted.
Scientific management improves efficiency
Stable output and improved quality create a foundation for high efficiency in cotton production.
In recent years, while continuously improving the quality and efficiency of cotton production, the region has continued to increase efforts in mechanized cotton harvesting, etc.Technology promotion has guided the development of large-scale and intensive cotton planting, and new agricultural management entities represented by cooperatives have emerged, driving the transformation of cotton production from decentralized operations by small farmers to moderate-scale operations.
Shawan City is an area where moderate-scale cotton planting and machine-picked cotton developed earlier in our district. He Hongtao, chairman of the city’s Shuangquan Agricultural Professional Cooperative, said that in the eight years since the cooperative was established, its members have increased from 67 households to 887 households now, and the land area under management has also increased from more than 2,800 acres in the past to 48,600 acres now. Large-scale, intensive and intelligent production methods have achieved the high-quality development of cotton.
“This year we have allocated more than 1,400 acres of land to carry out smart cotton field pilot work, which has improved the level of cotton production again.” He Hongtao introduced that the pilot cotton fields have installed system equipment such as insect monitoring and reporting, moisture sensing, water and fertilizer automation, etc. Field management tasks such as watering and fertilization can be completed using mobile phones, saving about 10% of the comprehensive cost of cotton and increasing cotton yield per mu by 20-30 kilograms.
Thanks to the repeated improvements in quality and efficiency of the cooperative’s cotton production, this year, Shuangquan Agricultural Professional Cooperative members’ land circulation income per mu reached 1,500 yuan. Secondary dividends at the end of the year are expected to exceed 600 yuan, and the total income per mu exceeded 2,000 yuan. , nearly 700 yuan more than last year.
Tang Yiwu introduced that large-scale production methods create conditions for the popularization of advanced technologies. This year, the region’s cotton precision sowing coverage rate reached 88%, the adoption rate of technologies such as chemical topping and integrated pest and disease control reached 85%, and the mechanized cotton harvest rate exceeded 80% for the first time. The comprehensive improvement of output, quality, and efficiency has enabled Xinjiang’s cotton planting level to reach and exceed the world’s advanced level. Xinjiang’s cotton’s competitiveness and voice in the international and domestic markets are constantly increasing.
Recently, the purchase price of seed cotton in the region has gradually stabilized at 10-10.5 yuan per kilogram, and the average net income per mu of cotton has reached more than 1,500 yuan, reaching the highest level in recent years. It is a foregone conclusion that cotton farmers will increase their income. Xinjiang cotton showed the world the confidence and strength of Xinjiang’s cotton industry with a bumper harvest of sufficient yield, high quality and good efficiency.
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