A complete collection of basic textile knowledge: dedicated to textile novices (4) – common textile concepts
1. Warp direction, warp yarn, warp yarn density – the length direction of the fabric; the yarns spun in this direction are called warp yarns; the number of spun yarns arranged within 1 inch is the warp density (warp yarn density) );
2. Weft direction, weft yarn, weft yarn density – the width direction of the fabric; the yarns spun in this direction are called weft yarns, and the number of yarns arranged within 1 inch is the weft density (weft yarn density) );
3. Density–used to indicate the number of yarns spun per unit length of woven fabrics, generally the number of yarns spun in 1 inch or 10 cm. my country’s national standards stipulate that 10 The number of yarns spun within a centimeter indicates density, but fabric companies are still accustomed to using the number of yarns spun within 1 inch to express density. For example, the commonly seen “45X45/108X58” means 45 warp and weft yarns respectively, and the warp and weft density is 108, 58.
4. Effective width – the effective width of the fabric is generally expressed in inches or centimeters. Common ones are 36 inches, 44 inches, 56-60 inches, etc., which are called narrow width, Medium width and wide width, fabrics higher than 60 inches are extra wide width, usually called broad width fabrics. The effective width of extra wide fabrics in my country today can reach 360 cm. The effective width is generally marked after the density, such as: 3 If the fabric mentioned is added with the effective width, it will be expressed as: “45︸45/108︸58/60”, that is, the effective width is 60 inches.
5. Weight per square meter – the weight per square meter of fabric is generally the weight of grams per square meter of fabric. The weight per square meter is an important technical indicator of knitted fabrics. Woolen wool The weight per square meter is usually also used as an important technical indicator. The weight per square meter of denim fabric is generally expressed in “ounces (OZ)”, that is, the number of ounces of fabric weight per square yard, such as 7 ounces, 12 ounces denim etc;
6. Yarn-dyed weaving-called “first-dyed fabric” in Japan, which refers to the process of dyeing the yarn or filament first, and then using the dyed yarn to weave the fabric. This kind of Fabrics are called “dyed fabrics”, and factories that produce yarn-dyed fabrics are generally called dyeing and weaving factories, such as denim and most shirt fabrics;
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