A complete collection of basic textile knowledge: dedicated to textile novices (5) – Textile fabric classification methods
1. Classify according to different organizing methods
(1) Woven fabric: a fabric made of two systems of vertically arranged yarns, that is, transverse and longitudinal systems, interlaced on a loom according to certain rules. There are denim and brocade. , Bansi, Masha, etc.
(2) Knitted fabrics: Fabrics formed by knitting yarn into loops, divided into weft knitting and warp knitting. a. Weft knitted fabrics are made by weft threads in the weft direction. It is fed to the working needle of the knitting machine, so that the spinning yarns are bent into loops in an orderly manner and inserted into each other. b. Warp knitted fabrics are made of one or more groups of spinning yarns arranged in parallel. The warp is fed to all the working needles of the knitting machine and looped at the same time.
(3) Non-woven fabrics: made by bonding or sewing loose fibers. Currently, two methods are mainly used: bonding and puncture. This finishing method can greatly simplify the process process, reduce costs, improve labor productivity, and have broad prospects for development.
2. Classification according to the raw materials of spinning yarns constituting the fabric
(1) Pure fabrics: The raw materials that make up fabrics all use the same fiber, including cotton fabrics, wool fabrics, silk fabrics, polyester fabrics, etc.
(2) Blended chemical fiber fabric: The raw materials that make up the fabric are made of two or more different types of fibers, which are blended with chemical fiber fabrics to form yarns. There are polyester and viscose fabrics. , polyester-nitrile, polyester-cotton and other blended chemical fiber fabrics.
(3) Mixed fabric: The raw material of the fabric is made of single yarns of two fibers, which are combined to form strands. There are low-elastic polyester filaments and medium-length yarns. Mixing, polyester staple fiber and low-elastic polyester filament are also mixed into strands, etc.
(4) Interlaced fabric: The raw materials that make up the two-directional system of the fabric are made of different fiber yarns, including antique satin interlaced with silk and rayon, and nylon interlaced with rayon. Fufang, etc.
3. Classification according to whether the raw materials constituting the fabric are colored
(1) White fabric: a fabric made from unbleached and dyed raw materials. It is also called raw fabric in silk weaving.
(2) Colored fabrics: fabrics made from bleached and dyed raw materials or fancy threads. Silk weaving is also called cooked fabrics.
4. Classification of novel fabrics
(1) Bonded fabric: It is made up of two pieces of fabric bonded back to back. The bonded fabrics include organic fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, vinyl plastic films, etc. , and they can be combined in different ways.
(2), flocking finishing cloth: The cloth is covered with short and dense fiber fluff, which has a velvet style and can be used as clothing and decorative materials.
(3) Foam laminated fabric: Foam plastic is adhered to a woven or knitted fabric as the base fabric, and is mostly used as cold-proof clothing.
(4) PU coated fabric: The base fabric of woven fabric or knitted fabric is coated with PVC (PVC), neoprene, etc., and has excellent water-repellent function.
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