(4) Very complete basic knowledge of fabrics worth learning – classification of woven fabrics
There are many ways to classify woven fabrics.
1. According to the fiber types that make up woven fabrics, they are divided into pure fabrics, blended chemical fiber fabrics and interwoven fabrics.
Pure fabric – refers to a fabric woven with pure spun yarns of the same fiber in both warp and weft. The performance of this fabric mainly reflects the characteristics of the fiber. For example, the warp and weft yarns of pure cotton fabrics are all cotton yarns (threads) such as pure cotton khaki 21X21/108X58, and the warp and weft yarns of viscose fiber fabrics are all viscose fiber spinning yarns.
Blended chemical fiber fabric – refers to a fabric woven from the yarns of two or more different types of fiber blended chemical fiber fabrics, such as cotton and linen blended chemical fiber fabrics, polyester-cotton blended chemical fiber fabrics, Wool, polyester, etc., their biggest feature is that the fibers are mixed together during the spinning process (the fibers are usually mixed in the “blowroom process” before spinning).
Interlaced fabric – refers to a fabric woven using spun yarns or filaments of different fibers in the warp and weft directions, such as nylon filaments in the warp direction and viscose in the weft direction. Use silk weft and wool yarn to interweave silk and wool, etc.
2. According to the fiber length and fineness of the woven fabrics, they are divided into cotton fabrics, medium-length fabrics, wool fabrics and filament fabrics.
Cotton fabric – the length of cotton fiber is about 30 mm, and the yarn composed of fibers of this length is cotton yarn (in order to blend chemical fiber fabric with cotton fiber, the chemical fiber must be Cut to this length – cotton type chemical fiber), the fabric made of this spinning yarn is cotton type fabric
Wool fabric – the length of wool is about 75 mm (different varieties vary Relatively large), the spinning yarn composed of fibers of this length is wool-type spinning yarn (in order to blend chemical fiber fabrics with wool fibers, the chemical fiber must be cut into this length – wool-type chemical fiber), use this kind of spinning yarn The fabric is wool type fabric.
Mid-length fabric – the fiber between the length of cotton type and wool type is called medium-length fiber, and the yarn formed by it is called medium-length fiber yarn. The fabric made of yarn is a medium-length fabric.
Filament fabric-fabric woven with filament, such as rayon fabric and polyester fabric.
3. According to the structure of the woven fabric, it is divided into plain weave, twill weave, satin weave and other weaves.
The concept of fabric weave has been discussed before and will not be repeated here.
4. According to the purpose of the woven fabrics, they are divided into work wear, home textiles, industrial fabrics, etc.
Pay close attention to the different concepts:
1. Yahei and printing dyeing:
Yarn-dyed-pair spinning The threads are colored, and then colored spun yarns are used for weaving, such as many shirt fabrics, denim, etc. The corresponding factories are called XXX dyeing and weaving factory, yarn-dyed weaving factory, etc.;
Printing and dyeing ——The woven fabrics are printed and colored, such as many printed fabrics with rich and colorful patterns. The corresponding factories are called XXX printing and dyeing factory, dyeing and finishing factory, etc.
2. Blended chemical fiber fabrics and Interlaced
Blended chemical fiber fabric – two or more different fibers are mixed together during the spinning process, and then the blended chemical fiber fabric is used to spin yarn and weave;
Interlace – cloth made of different types of yarn or fiber filaments (bundles) used in warp and weft during weaving.
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