Do you know how great the achievements of the textile industry have been under the leadership of the Communist Party of China?

Foreword

Old China’s textile industry was the most developed industry in modern China, with the largest assets, industrial workers, market share and national capital. It also has the greatest impact on the national economy. But even so, from the time when overseas Chinese businessman Chen Qiyuan founded the Jichanglong Silk Reeling Factory in Nanhai, Guangdong Province in 1867, and the British firm Jardine Matheson established the Jardine Spinning Bureau in Shanghai, until the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the scale of the textile industry in old China had Only: 5 million cotton spinning spindles, 130,000 wool spinning spindles, 90,000 silk reeling threads, 70,000 looms, and a small number of very small printing and dyeing factories, knitting factories, garment factories, dyeing and weaving factories, and linen spinning factories. factories and textile machinery factories. The historical record for the highest annual textile output is cotton yarn444,500 tons, 2.8 billion meters of cotton cloth, 7.5 million meters of woolen cloth, and silk2.2 billion meters, it is impossible to be self-sufficient. At the same time, the textile industry in old China had relatively obvious semi-colonial characteristics. In the early stage, more than half of the industrial capital was directly operated and controlled by foreign countries; the entire textile industry did not form a production system, and domestic production equipment was rudimentary, and the technology was backward. Raw materials and equipment All rely on imports. By the eve of the national liberation in 1949, there were only 58 factories and factories left in the country, and only half of them were barely operating.

On this basis, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the textile industry in New China has undergone tremendous changes and achieved great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention.

The restoration of production in New China and the “First Five-Year Plan” period (1949-1958)

In 1950, when the People’s Republic of China was founded, my country’s cotton yarn output was 437,000 tons, accounting for only 7.8% of the world’s total. The annual output of chemical fiber was less than 10,000 tons and was “neglected” in global economic statistics. In March 1950, the Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China proposed that the textile industry should get rid of the abnormal development of semi-colonialism. At the same time, it called on the majority of textile workers to work hard in production, accumulate funds, and gradually embark on the road of self-reliance. By the end of 1952, China’s textile industry production had fully recovered, with national cotton yarn output reaching 656,800 tons and cotton cloth output reaching 3.8 billion meters, both exceeding historical highs. The equipment utilization rate of state-owned textile enterprises has increased to 90%, and the cotton yarn output of private textile enterprises has also increased by 50% compared with 1949. Cotton production was restored, reaching 26.07 million tons in 1952, easing the tight supply of raw materials in the early days of liberation.

During the country’s first five-year plan (1953~1957), my country’s textile industry built a total of 68 new cotton textile factories (capital construction investment of more than 5 million yuan) ), with a total scale of 2.4 million spindles and 61,000 looms; if including projects under construction, the total scale exceeds 3 million spindles, achieving the construction goals set by Chairman Mao Zedong. At the same time, 6 printing and dyeing factories, 3 wool spinning factories, 7 linen spinning factories, 4 silk factories, 3 chemical fiber factories, and 1 textile machinery factory were also built and expanded. The construction tasks were completed effectively.

The “Second Five-Year Plan” period (1958~1962)

In the mid-1950s, my country’s economic situation showed a prosperous scene. During the country’s Second Five-Year Plan (1958-1962), the state’s investment in the textile industry increased to 2.13 billion yuan, and the industrial management system was reformed in 1958. In the early 1960s, facing the situation of insufficient raw materials and difficult market supply, the textile industry conscientiously implemented the policy of “three unifications and one priority” in production. Since the implementation of the policy of “adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement” in 1961, the textile industry has seen a new situation by 1965: cotton yarn output reached 7.16 million pieces, ranking second in the world; cotton cloth output increased to 6.3 billion meters; By developing exports to the capitalist market, foreign trade has expanded to 110 countries and regions; the newly built chemical fiber factory has been fully put into production, with a production capacity of 67,000 tons; due to the completion of the continued construction project, the cumulative national cotton spinning equipment capacity has reached 9.8 million spindles and 310,000 looms. The complete sets of cotton textile, printing and dyeing equipment included in the national key technological innovation projects have also completed the selection, design and trial production ahead of schedule. The textile industry is showing a good situation of great development in production and construction and science and technology moving towards the world’s advanced level.

“Third Five-Year Plan”, “Fourth Five-Year Plan” and “Fifth Five-Year Plan” periods (1966~1980)

In the mid-1960s, scientific research and technological innovation in the textile industry were booming, with significant progress and breakthroughs in many aspects. At the same time, when the country was studying and formulating the third five-year plan, it proposed to focus on solving the problem of food and clothing, further adjusting the proportion of accumulation and consumption, and gradually improving people’s lives. By the end of 1970, the output of cotton yarn reached 11.31 million pieces and the output of cotton cloth was 9.15 billion meters. When Premier Zhou Enlai met with his American friend Snow, he announced for the first time that China’s cotton yarn and cotton cloth production has ranked first in the world. This is the first number of important industrial products announced by the country since 1959.

The 1970s was a period of great development in the construction of my country’s chemical fiber industry. At the same time, local governments are highly motivated to build textile factories with their own funds.��84%, an increase of 14 percentage points from 2010; the export market has been further diversified, and the share of emerging markets has gradually increased; the main business income of textile enterprises above designated size in the central and western regions accounted for 23.2% of the country, an increase of 6.4 percentage points from 2010 . The pace of overseas investment by my country’s textile and garment enterprises continues to accelerate, and international cooperation in textile industry technology, standards, production capacity, design, branding, marketing channels, etc. is fully carried out.

During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the per capita labor productivity of the textile industry increased by about 10% annually; 16 achievements won the National Science and Technology Award; carbon fiber, meta-aramid fiber and other high-performance fibers and marine bio-based fibers have achieved technological breakthroughs; information integration applications and intelligent manufacturing have formed several pilot demonstrations.

During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the brand awareness of the entire industry has been further improved, and the industry brand cultivation management system and brand value evaluation system have been initially formed. A number of clothing and home textile brands have established design agencies and sales networks overseas, and the works of Chinese designers are displayed and exchanged on the international stage. Online sales of clothing and home textiles have grown at an average annual rate of more than 40%, and the rapid growth of e-commerce has expanded the market influence of brand products. The CSC9000T China Textile and Apparel Social Responsibility Management System has been widely promoted, and corporate social responsibility construction has made positive progress.

During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, a large number of new technologies for energy conservation, consumption reduction and emission reduction were widely used, and binding targets such as reduction of energy consumption per unit of added value, reduction of water intake, and reduction of total pollutant emissions were fully achieved. The proportion of reused fiber in total fiber processing increased from 9.6% in 2010 to 11.3% in 2015.

　”Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period (2016~2020)

During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period, my country’s textile industry has steadily improved its position in the global value chain, and the overall competitiveness of the industry chain has been further enhanced. In 2020, my country’s total textile fiber processing volume reached 58 million tons, accounting for more than 50% of the world’s total fiber processing volume, and its chemical fiber output accounted for more than 70% of the world’s total. In 2020, my country’s textile and clothing exports reached US$299 billion, accounting for more than 1/3 of the world’s total, ranking first in the world. Among them, the proportion of textile exports in the world increased from 36.6% in 2016 to 39.2% in 2019. . In 2020, designated enterprises in the national textile industry achieved operating income of 4.52 trillion yuan, accounting for 4.3% of the national industry, and total profits of 206.5 billion yuan, accounting for 3.2% of the national industry.

During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period, the fiber consumption ratio of the three major end products of clothing, home textiles and industrial use was adjusted from 46.4:28.1:25.5 in 2015 to 40:27:33 in 2020. By the end of the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”, my country’s total high-performance fiber production capacity accounted for more than one-third of the world’s total, and the fiber processing volume in the industrial industry reached 19.1 million tons, an increase of more than 40% compared with 2015, effectively meeting the needs of diversification, multi-level, and multi-level fiber processing. field market demand.

During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period, my country’s textile industry’s entire industry chainTechnological Innovation ecological environment continued to improve, and great progress was made in the construction of innovation platforms. A total of 11 achievements have won the National Science and Technology Award, and a number of “stuck” technical problems have been overcome in the fields of fiber materials, green manufacturing, and textile machinery. The domestic market share of domestic textile equipment reaches more than 75%.

During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period, my country’s textile field has formed a collaborative research and release mechanism for fashion trends covering all links of the industrial chain. The ability to create original fashion designs has been significantly improved. There are more than 100 undergraduate colleges and more than 300 higher vocational colleges with fashion design and engineering majors, ensuring a reserve of fashion designtalents. The recognition and reputation of independent brands continue to increase. About 85% of the clothing and home textile brands of major domestic large-scale commercial entities are independent brands. The consumption scale of original trendy brands has increased year by year, accounting for more than 15% of brand consumption. The international influence of Chinese brands has increased, and the cross-border integration, commercial carriers and communication forms of fashion consumption have become more diversified and enriched.

During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period, the energy consumption structure of my country’s textile industry continued to be optimized, with secondary energy accounting for 72.5%, energy utilization efficiency continuing to improve, and comprehensive energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of output value falling by 25.5%. Since 2016, a total of 251 green design products, 91 green factories, 10 green supply chain companies, and 11 green design demonstration companies have been included in the list of green manufacturing system construction by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Full life cycle green management is accelerating its integration into the textile industry chain. system. The dimension and connotation of the China Textile and Apparel Corporate Social Responsibility Management System (CSC9000T) have continued to expand, and it has begun to cover factories invested overseas by domestic enterprises.

In 2020, my country will basically achieve the main indicators of becoming a textile power. According to a comparative analysis by the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 2019 and 2020, my country has five major industries that are at the world’s advanced level, and the textile industry is one of them.

Overall, by the end of 2020, when my country will build a moderately prosperous society in all respects, the textile industry will have basically achieved the relevant goals of the “2020 Outline for Building a Textile Power”. Most of the indicators of my country’s textile industry have reached or even been ahead of the world’s advanced level, establishing a The world’s most complete modern textile manufacturing industry system, its manufacturing capacity and international trade scale have long ranked first in the world, becoming the first echelon of my country’s manufacturing industry to enter the array of powerful countries. Scientific and technological innovation has moved from “following and running together” to the coexistence stage of “running alongside and leading”. Brand building has formed a three-level system of manufacturing brands, consumer brands and regional brands. Positive achievements have been made in energy conservation and emission reduction, pollution prevention and comprehensive utilization of resources. Progress, talent construction actively supports industry innovation and progress.

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AAAThe three-level system of brand, consumer brand and regional brand has made positive progress in energy conservation and emission reduction, pollution prevention and comprehensive utilization of resources, and talent development actively supports industry innovation and progress.

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