Basic principles of flame retardant fabric dyeing

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flame retardant fabric dyed fabric

Dyeing is the entire process of combining dyes on flame-retardant fabrics through chemical or physical chemical methods to give the fabric a certain color. When dyed flame-retardant fabrics fade, they need to be re-dyed to restore the fabric to its original color. The dyeing process of flame-retardant fabrics basically goes through three stages: surface adsorption, internal diffusion, and dye fixation.

1. Surface adsorption

When the fiber fabric is immersed in the dye solution, The dye is quickly adsorbed to the fiber surface, which is the earliest stage in the dyeing process. If the dye has a high affinity and concentration, and an appropriate amount of electrolyte is added, the speed at which the dye is adsorbed by the fiber will be increased, which will help the dyeing process proceed in the positive direction.

2. Internal diffusion

When the dye is adsorbed on the fiber surface, it begins to spread into the fiber. The diffusion of dye into the fiber is the longest stage in the entire dyeing process. In the dye liquor, the dye on the fiber surface diffuses into the interior of the fiber with low concentration, so that the dye in the dye liquor is continuously replenished to the fiber surface until the dye concentration on the fiber and the dye concentration in the dye liquor reach a balance. When the diffusion of the dye into the interior of the fiber is completed, the adsorption of the dye on the surface of the fiber is also completed. Therefore, adsorption and diffusion are also inseparable and simultaneous processes.

3. Dye fixation

When the dye adheres and penetrates through adsorption and diffusion, On the surface and inside of the fiber, various chains are fixed to the fiber in the form of bonds. Because dyes and fibers are all different, they also hold in different ways to each other. And because of the different fixation forms, the dyeing firmness is also different.

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