Research on the current situation, development and application of flame retardant fabrics
Classification:
flame retardant fabric
This article introduces the necessity of flame retardant textiles, the mechanism, methods and commonly used flame retardants of textiles, and analyzes and studies the current status and development trends of textile flame retardancy.
Keywords: textiles; flame retardants; development research
Chinese classification number: TS1 Document identification code: A article number flame retardant cloth,cotton flame retardant cloth, nylon flame retardant cloth: 1006-4311 ( 2010) 26-0233-01
Introduction
With the rapid development of economy and technology, various types of textiles play an increasingly important role in human life. The variety of textiles continues to increase, and the potential fire threat caused by most textiles not being flame retardant has also further increased. , how to reduce the burning danger of textiles and the release of toxic gases during combustion, and reduce the loss of people’s lives and property, has attracted global attention and attention. Now we will analyze and study the current situation and development trends of textile flame retardancy.
1. Flame retardant mechanism and method of textiles Flame retardant cloth, cotton flame retardant cloth, nylon flame retardant cloth
The flame retardancy of textiles can be roughly divided into two categories: flame retardant treatment of fibers and flame retardant finishing of fabrics according to the production process and the method of introducing flame retardants.
1.1 Flame retardant treatment of fiber The flame retardant treatment of fiber is to add a certain flame retardant to some raw fibers that are flammable (such as polyester, cotton, acrylic) to inhibit free radicals during the combustion process; or to change the fiber The thermal decomposition process promotes dehydration and carbonization; some cause the flame retardant to decompose and release non-flammable gas to cover the surface of the fiber to isolate the air. Flame retardant treatment methods are divided into two types: improving the thermal stability of fiber-forming polymers and flame retardant modification of raw filaments.
1.2 Flame-retardant finishing of fabrics Flame-retardant finishing mainly involves surface treatment of fabrics during the post-finishing process of textiles, so that the fabrics have flame-retardant properties. There are three main processing forms: ① Spraying technology, mainly for decorative fabrics and construction fabrics that do not need to be washed or washed very rarely; ② Padding and dipping technology, this sub-technology mainly processes pajamas, bedding, etc., and can also be processed Outerwear; ③Coating technology, this technology mainly processes labor protection and decorative fabrics.
2. Commonly used flame retardants for textiles
Different types of flame retardants are produced for different flame retardant mechanisms. No matter what kind of flame retardant its flame retardant mechanism is, the goal is to try to improve the oxygen index of fabric fiber products after flame retardant treatment. In other words, it is to make the critical conditions for fabric burning difficult to achieve and achieve the flame retardant effect.
3. Current status of flame retardant textiles
3.1 Foreign development status In order to meet the diversified needs of the market, countries led by Japan have strengthened the development of durable, efficient, and composite-functional flame-retardant fibers. There is a fire-retardant fabric made of aramid and ceramic fiber on the foreign market. The fire-retardant clothing made of it is light, breathable, and has a fire-retardant capacity that is three times higher than that of conventional fire-retardant clothing. In recent years, Visil fiber, which is inherently flame-resistant, has appeared on the European market.
3.2 my country’s R&D progress
3.2.1 Flame-retardant textile products In recent years, my country has made great progress in the research of textile flame-retardant technology. The China Textile Research Institute has successfully developed scientific research results such as polypropylene flame retardant masterbatch, anti-burning and antistatic composite solvents, safe and non-toxic wool-viscosity blended flame retardant products; Shanghai Synthetic Fiber Research Institute, Shanghai Textile Research Institute, China Textile Research Institute A key research project undertaken by the university, Shanxi Coal Chemistry Institute and Shanxi Textile Research Institute, the preparation of pre-oxidized yarn flame-retardant fabrics has been identified as having a series of excellent properties, and the properties remain unchanged after long-term use or repeated ironing, sun-drying and washing. Flame-retardant fibers and their series of fabrics have begun to be fully launched, making my country one of the few countries in the world that can produce permanent flame-retardant products.
3.2.2 Flame retardants At present, my country has developed a series of new flame retardants with complete varieties and excellent performance. The “Vulcan” fabric flame retardant produced by Beijing Forms Co., Ltd. can be used in natural cellulose fabrics such as cotton and linen, woolen velvet, acrylic, polyester, vinylon and other chemical fiber products, as well as various fabric products blended from the above fibers. In addition, Jilin Jilin Chemical Group Research Institute, Shanxi Chemical Fiber Research Institute, and Liaoning Chemical Industry Research Institute have also developed a series of flame retardants for textiles.
3.2.3 Relevant regulations and standards The formulation of strict laws and regulations will greatly promote the development of flame retardant technology. With the development of textile flame retardant technology, while formulating flame retardant textile testing standards and methods, in 1995 the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Internal Trade and the Textile Federation jointly issued the “On Actively Promoting Flame Retardant Fabrics and Strengthening the Supervision and Management of Production and Operations” “Notice”, manufacturers, business units and individuals that produce flame-retardant fabrics must be registered and recorded. The flame-retardant products produced must be tested and qualified by the national testing agency before they can be sold out of the factory. The Textile Federation issued another notice based on the spirit of the joint notice, further proposing unified flame retardant performance testing methods and quality assessment standards for flame retardant decorative fabrics, designated flame retardant decorative fabric product quality supervision and testing agencies, and recommended designated flame retardant decorative fabric product production measures for enterprises. Since 2001, the relevant national ministries and commissions have released reports on the current application status of domestic flame retardant technology.An analysis and study was conducted and it was proposed to strengthen and improve the regulatory system regarding flame retardant technology and products. To this end, a series of regulations and corresponding standards were introduced. For example, the Fire Department of the Ministry of Public Security organized and formulated the mandatory national standard GB20286-2006 “Combustion Performance Requirements and Labeling of Flame-Retardant Products for Public Places.” It was officially implemented on March 1, 2007 and became mandatory on July 1, 2008. This regulation stipulates the definition and classification, combustion performance requirements and labeling of flame retardant products and components used in public places.
4. Research on the development and application of flame retardant textiles in my country: flame retardant cloth,cotton flame retardant cloth, nylon flame retardant cloth
4.1 Develop new flame retardants. The traditional situation of integrating halogen and bromine flame retardants in the field of flame retardants has been broken. Phosphorus, nitrogen, silicone, and intumescent flame retardants are gradually emerging. Inorganic flame retardants are due to their low Smoke poison, which does not contain halogenated antimony, is one of the ways to achieve halogen-free flame retardants, so it has become a major research direction. The flame retardant effect of synergistic flame retardants is greater than the effect of using a certain flame retardant alone, which can reduce the dosage and reduce costs, so it is also one of the research directions in recent years.
4.2 Strengthen the research on the multi-functionality of flame-retardant textiles. At present, most flame-retardant fibers or fabrics only have flame-retardant functions and cannot meet the special requirements of some departments. After finishing the fabrics, they can obtain long-lasting flame retardancy and high performance. , multi-functional and other characteristics of flame-retardant textiles and their processing technology are the direction and trend of the development of flame-retardant fibers. Such as flame retardant and water repellent, flame retardant and oil repellent, flame retardant and antistatic, so it is imperative to develop flame retardant multi-functional products.
4.3 Improve regulations and standards to correctly evaluate the flame retardant properties of textiles, which should be based on the requirements of their use occasions and standards should be formulated according to their uses. Only by continuously improving and improving various laws and regulations can we better promote the development, promotion and application of flame-retardant textiles, which plays an important practical value in preventing fire accidents caused by flammable textiles.
5. Conclusion Flame retardant fabric, cotton flame retardant fabric, nylon flame retardant fabric
The use of textiles is one of the important factors posing a fire threat. The use of flame retardant methods to treat textiles is an important measure to reduce the risk of fire. Technical specifications with strict requirements are an important means to ensure the implementation of flame retardant measures. Combining the flame retardant requirements of textiles, developing and producing flame retardant, low smoke and excellent performance flame retardant products, and strengthening fire safety supervision and management can fundamentally prevent the fire threat of textiles and provide safety guarantees for the safety of people’s lives and property. Flame retardant fabrics. Cotton flame retardant cloth, Nylon flame retardant cloth.
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