Combustion mechanism and flame retardant mechanism of flame retardant cloth
1. Fabric combustion mechanism
(1) Combustion phenomena can be divided into two types: flaming combustion and flameless combustion. The former is the gas or volatile liquid formed during the thermal cracking of fiber
Combustion, which is the oxidation of the residue (carbon).
(2) The combustion of fiber is related to its thermal cracking products, and the thermal cracking process of different fibers is different.
2. Flame retardantMechanism
(1) Covering theory: Flame retardant can form an insulating covering layer on the fiber surface at 500°C. In addition to hindering the O2 supply, it also blocks
FONT>Prevent the outward diffusion of flammable gases to achieve flame retardant purposes, such as borax-boric acid.
(2) Gas theory: First, the flame retardant decomposes into non-flammable gas at the combustion temperature, diluting the concentration of flammable gas to the point where it can produce a flame Concentration below; the other isFlame retardant which can act as a highly active free radical under heating conditions. transfer body, thereby preventing the free radical reactionfrom proceeding.
(3) Thermal theory: One is that the flame retardant undergoes endothermic changes at high temperatures, such as melting and sublimation, thereby preventing the spread of combustion; the other isfibre quickly dissipates heat so that the fabric does not reach the burning temperature.
(4) Catalytic dehydration theory
Mainly refers to changing the thermal cracking process of fiber. Because flame retardants can cause rapid and massive dehydration of cellulose molecular chains before they break,even some cross-linking effects may occur, preventing left-handed rotation. The production of glucose inhibits flammable combustion.
The flame retardant effect of organophosphorus compounds is due to its ability to form esters with hydroxyl groups in cellulose molecules, preventing the formation of L-glucose and further dehydrating cellulose. , generates unsaturated double bonds, promotes the formation of cross-links between cellulose molecules, increases the formation of carbon-like substances, and has a good smoldering flame retardant effect. Only when the amount of finishing agent is increased to 10% can the flame burning be effectively prevented.
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