Flame retardant finishing technology of polyester flame retardant fabric
Classification:
flame retardant fabric
Fires can cause serious economic losses and personal injuries, and textiles are often involved in the occurrence of fires. A survey conducted by the EuropeanFlame RetardantAssociation (EFRA)shows that in Europe, every year More than 5,000 people lost their lives due to fires, which is equivalent to 1 to 2 people per 100,000 residents; and this does not include fires A large number of people were injured, many of whom required years of physical and psychological treatment. In addition to harming human lives, fires can also cause serious economic losses. The economic losses caused by fires in Germany amount to 6.5 billion German marks everyy year. In other EU member states, the total economic losses caused by fires are as high as 1% of the gross national product.
1. Polyester is a major category of synthetic fibers. Its output ranks first among all chemical fibers and has a series of excellent properties, such as breaking strength and elasticity High modulus, moderate resilience, excellent heat setting performance, high heat resistance, and acceptable light resistance. The fabric has washability, excellent resistance to organic solvents, soaps, detergents, bleaches, oxidants, etc., as well as good corrosion resistance. Stable to weak acids and alkalis. Therefore, it has a wide range of uses, especially as a raw material for outerwear.
2. Polyester is a hot-melt flammable fiber that will soften and melt when exposed to heat. Once the melt adheres to human skin, it will cause burns and is a serious risk in fireOne of the main causes of death.
3. Therefore, how to reduce fires caused by the burning of polyester textiles, research polyester textile flame retardant technology, and developFlame retardant Polyester textiles are veryvery important.
Flame retardant mechanism of polyester fabric
Fabric burning is mainly carried out by the following four simultaneous step cycles:
, heat is transferred to the fabric;
Second, thermal cracking of fibers;
No. 3. Diffusion and convection of cracked products;
Fourth, the kinetic reaction between oxygen in the air and cracking products.
Flame retardant technology is to prevent one or more of the above stepsfrom proceeding. Polyester is a flammable molten fiber. It will slowly decompose into acetaldehyde, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and a small amount of other gases above 300℃. The solids produced by thermal cracking are terephthalic acid oligomers and cyclic oligomers. The main flame retardant technology of polyesteris to prevent the carbonyl group of polyethylene terephthalate from breaking and prevent the formation of volatile fragments.
After polyester is heated, when the temperature exceeds the glass transition temperature (Tg), it first softens, and when the temperature reaches the melting temperature (Tm), it will melt and become sticky. Thick rubber-like objects will undergo thermal cracking after melting. Thermal decomposition can produce toxic gases and smoke, which is very harmful to the human body and even endangers human health. life. Once the molten material adheres to human skin, it will cause concentration burns, which is one of the main causes of death in fires. The free radical chain reaction is an important part of the thermal decomposition process, so flame retardants are required to inhibit the formation of free radicals and block the chain reaction. This is Can prevent the generation of harmful gases and smoke. The polyester fiber fabric after flame-retardant finishing can be transformed from the original flammable material into flame-retardant or flame-retardant material, and after repeated washing , still flame retardant.
The melting point of PES is very different from the external ignition temperature and can be regarded as a non-flammable fiber. If such a fiber is brought close to a flame, it shrinks away frome areas of high flame temperature, where the fiber melts and forms droplets until the temperature drops below the melting point. So this fiber won’t actually catch fireon fire. However, if the process of melting and forming molten droplets is delayed or prevented, for example in the presence of textile auxiliaries and dyes, the fiber can also catch fire. For example, in polyester and cotton blended fabrics, cotton acts as a scaffold during the combustion process to prevent the formation of molten droplets. Therefore, forThe flame retardant finishing of polyester fabrics can eliminate as much of the existing brackets as possible; if the additives used can also melt together with the polyester to form droplets, thereby removingConsider the distance from the fire source (this requires us to carefully select the finishing auxiliaries for polyester fabrics after dyeing). In addition, we can also consider the above mentioned Flame retardant starts with the principle and uses special flame retardants, such as AflammitPE or AflammitPEconc or ATF as the flame retardant. , so that the flame retardant existsinside the fiber. When heated, it produces non-flammable gas or melts to form a covering layer or it has a high melting point and can absorb a large amount of heat. Releasegroups that can capture high-energy free radicals, etc.
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