Difficulties in finishing polyester and cotton flame retardant fabrics
Polycotton fabric is popular among consumers due to its excellent wearing properties and durability. However, because it is easy to burn, cause fire accidents, and cause huge losses, the research on Flame-retardant finishing has received widespread attention. To date, flame retardant finishing of polyester-cotton fabrics has been found to be far more difficult than flame retardant of any of its components.
The main reasons are:
(1) Because cotton is a flammable fiber that does not melt or shrink. When polyester-cotton products burn, the cotton fibers are carbonized, which acts as a stent for polyester similar to a candle wick, thus hindering the melting of polyester. Get away from fire;
(2) The mutual thermal induction of polyester and cotton polymers or their pyrolysis products accelerates the overflow of the pyrolysis products, so polyester-cotton fabrics ignite much faster than pure polyester and pure cotton;
(3) During the burning process, the flame retardant will migrate between the polyester and cotton components. Therefore, it also brings difficulties to the flame retardancy of polyester and cotton fabrics;
(4) When the polyester-cotton blended fabric is heated, the heated and melted polyester component will cover the surface of the polyester fiber, and the polyester fiber and the char generated by its cracking will form a skeleton, preventing the fabric from shrinking, causing the molten polyester to become a fuel in the fire zone , making the fabric burn more violently.
Therefore, to reduce the flammability of polyester-cotton fabrics, the following points need to be done:
(1) Each component in the blended fabric must be flame retardant;
(2) When blending fabrics are flame-retardant, use appropriate flame retardants so that they can complement each other or not interfere with each other;
(3) Eliminate the skeleton effect and the interference of the two components.
For a long time, the flame-retardant finishing technology and flame retardant properties of polyester-cotton fabrics that have been developed have been difficult to meet the requirements of certain uses. The existing problems are mainly that the feel or mechanical strength of the finished fabric is not satisfactory; secondly, the production ecology needs to be improved. At present, it is not possible to find a flame retardant and finishing process that can simultaneously play a flame retardant effect on both fibers and have a good effect. Currently, decabromodiphenyl ether is widely used, but it has coating finishing properties and its hand feel is not very ideal. Until now, research on the flame retardancy of polyester-cotton fabrics is still ongoing in our country.
At present, CVC flame-retardant fabrics are the first choice for being strong and durable and meeting flame-retardant performance requirements. This fabric is blended with more than 60% cotton fiber and less than 40% polyester fiber. It has the excellent properties of both cotton and polyester fibers. Has good strength and better wrinkle resistance and durability.
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