Factor control of soybean fiber in spinning production
Soybean functional fiber not only has the excellent properties of natural silk, a cashmere-like feel, but also has antibacterial, negative oxygen ion and far-infrared functions. The finished product is dry and comfortable to wear, and is in line with the trend of non-iron, washable and wearable clothing. With the domestic and international trends As the market demand for new textile raw materials increases, soybean functional fiber with China’s unique independent property rights has already become a hot spot in the market. Many well-known brands have invested heavily in this green and environmentally friendly product known as “artificial cashmere”. enthusiasm. Soybean functional fiber products have also expanded from underwear to home textiles, apparel and other diversified fields. In order to accelerate the development of soybean functional fiber, the spinning production technology as the front end of the entire textile chain will play a vital role. This article will focus on the analysis of the spinning production practice of developing this fiber at home and abroad in the past few years. Difficulties affecting production and solutions are discussed.
Key characteristics affecting soybean functional fiber spinning
1. Cross-sectional characteristics: There are obvious grooves in the longitudinal direction, the cross-section is dumbbell-shaped, there are fine pores, and the shape is Skin-core structure.
2. The friction coefficient is small and the surface is smooth.
3. The mass specific resistance is close to silk and significantly smaller than synthetic fiber.
4. The initial modulus is high and the bending elastic modulus is small.
5. The curl recovery rate is low and the curl is flat.
6. It has good hygroscopicity and good moisture conductivity.
Based on the above characteristics, the main problems reflected in the spinning production process are: (1) low spinnability, (2) high hairiness of the yarn. However, as long as the control factors are strengthened in each process, it can be solved.
Pretreatment of soybean functional fibers before spinning
In order for soybean functional fibers to meet the spinning conditions, the poor cohesion and static electricity of the raw materials themselves must first be solved Problems, and the spinnability is mainly reflected in the difficulty in forming webs and strips on the carding machine. Therefore, “humidification and antistatic” treatment must be carried out before spinning.
1. Selection of antistatic agent:
Through comparative testing of various antistatic agent products in the domestic market, and repeated screening based on cost performance, we finally selected the one produced by the Beijing Fat and Oil Research Institute. Synthetic oil with batch number “2880” is more suitable for the production of soybean functional fiber.
2. Control of the moisture resurgence of soybean functional fiber on the machine:
Due to the factors of fast moisture conductivity of soybean functional fiber, taking into account the regional environment of each textile factory, the equipment flow of the blowroom workshop The length of cotton rolls and many other factors, as well as the difference in on-site conditions between white spinning mills and colored spinning mills, focus on controlling the moisture regain of cotton rolls, which can be controlled at 9.5
3. Pretreatment methods:
(1) Measure the moisture regain of soybean functional fiber to determine the amount of water added.
(2) Based on the dry weight of raw materials for each treatment, select the best ratio of adding “wet + antistatic agent”.
(3) Spray in mist form and strive to humidify evenly.
(4) Let the warehouse sit for 24 hours before starting production.
(5) Under normal circumstances, it is processed according to the proportions listed in the table:
Opening and cleaning process
The curl recovery rate of soybean functional fiber is low, and It does not contain impurities. The principles of “light weight, short fixed length, more combing and less beating, more gathering and less shedding, and anti-sticking and rolling” should be mastered in the process. The carding needle beater speed is 15 to 20% lower than that of spinning cotton to reduce fiber damage. , the cotton rolls are covered, the relative humidity in the workshop is relatively high, and the unevenness of the cotton rolls is ≤1.2%.
Carding process
The poor spinnability of soybean functional fiber is mainly concentrated in this process. The operation of the cotton net on the doffer should be observed. If it falls, it proves the resistance. If there is too little electrostatic oil, you can increase the proportion of antistatic agent in pretreatment or increase the moisture resurgence of fibers on the machine. If it is wrapped with cylinder, it proves that there is too much antistatic oil, and the proportion of antistatic agent should be reduced. In terms of technology, “soft carding, smooth transfer, light quantity, low speed, and medium distance” should be mastered. It is recommended to install an apron cotton guide device. The noil rate should be controlled to be small and the relative humidity should be controlled to be high.
Drawing process
After this process, the problem of spinnability is no longer prominent, and the focus should be on solving the hairiness problem and pure soybean function Fiber yarns are combined in two passes during drawing. In order to ensure stable color difference after yarn formation, blended yarns can be combined in three passes. The process adopts a smooth drafting configuration. Adopt the process of “medium quantity, heavy pressure, large distance, reasonable tension and drafting, anti-winding and anti-blocking”. The drafting ratio of the first and rear areas should be controlled at about 1.8, and the draft of the final and rear areas should be controlled at about 1.2. The vehicle speed should be appropriately reduced, and the diameter of the bell mouth should be kept small. The high-speed draw frame should control the prevention of details, and the down-suction air volume should not be too large. , the inching switch and the process auto-stop of each part must be normal.
Roving process
1. Roving twist coefficient: On the basis of cotton spinning, increase it appropriately by about 10%, which can improve the tightness of the front area. , allowing the yarn to leave a certain twist and enter the heavy drafting area to reduce the hairiness of the spun yarn, but it should not be too large, otherwise it will deteriorate the internal structure of the roving, increase fiber stress and bending stiffness, and cause hard ends in the spun yarn.
2. Roving ration and collector: The roving ration is appropriately light, which can reduce the pressure on the total draft multiple of the spun yarn and helpReduce the fiber displacement deviation during drafting, improve the evenness and yarn smoothness, and use a smaller collector to shrink the yarn width, increase cohesion, and reduce spun yarn hairiness.
3. Axial winding density: When the roving does not overlap, it should be appropriately larger to help improve the evenness of the spun yarn and reduce hairiness.
4. Keep the mechanical condition normal and appropriately increase the relative humidity and moisture regain of the roving workshop, which also plays an important role in reducing the hairiness of the spinning yarn.
5. The drafting ratio of the rear area of the roving should be between 1.15 and 1.2, the roller spacing should be appropriately enlarged, the yarn guide tension should not be too large, and the fixed length of the roving should not be greater than 2500m to avoid details.
Spinning process
In order to reduce the hairiness of the yarn, many manufacturers adopt spinning methods such as siro spinning and compact spinning. However, this not only increases the spinning The cost of yarn and the style of cloth are also greatly affected. It has been proved that as long as the spinning process elements of each process are controlled, the hairiness of traditional ring spinning can be completely controlled.
1. Process factors
(1) The front rubber roller moves forward by 3mm, the draft ratio of the rear area is selected to be about 1.25, the center distance of the rollers in the rear area is enlarged, and the jaw distance of the front area is too small. master.
(2) The twist coefficient of the spun yarn is relatively large, and the normal control is between 360 and 380.
(3) The spinning spindle speed of 13000~14500r/min should be controlled on the low side to reduce the impact friction between the yarn in the balloon section and the air resistance and the yarn separation plate. At the same time, the weight of the traveler should be controlled.
2. Spinning equipment
(1) The hardness of the front rubber roller is Shore A63, which can increase the jaw holding area and reduce the twisting triangle area.
(2) Using a smaller diameter yarn guide hook can reduce the diameter of the balloon and reduce the contact surface between the yarn sliver and the yarn guide hook, which is beneficial to twist transmission and reduces hairiness.
(3) Properly select the steel ring, preferably the traveler: PG1 type steel ring is used with FO type traveler below 53S, and PG1/2 type steel ring is used with OSS traveler above 60S.
(4) Use internal and external pattern rubber rings to reduce slippage and effectively prevent fiber diffusion.
(5) Use nitrile rubber high-efficiency and energy-saving spindle belts to reduce uneven yarn twist.
3. Maintenance
(1) Correct the concentricity of the yarn guide hook, the spindle and the steel ring to ensure the vertical and flexible lifting of the large and small sheep’s feet, and make the four corners of the ring plate good Implement and implement the three-point level work and strengthen the work of driving school active atmosphere.
(2) Strengthen the daily correct use and maintenance of rubber rollers and rubber rings.
(3) Reasonable service life of steel rings and travellers, so that problems can be discovered and repaired or replaced in time.
4. The relative humidity of the workshop is controlled at 65-70%.
Winding process
This process is a process in which hairiness increases. In order to further reduce hairiness and improve yarn quality, the following measures should be taken in actual production: (1) Use the electronic yarn clearer correctly and control the yarn clearing parameters appropriately. (2) Reasonably control the splicing strength of the air splicer. (3) Select the appropriate winding tension, preferably the tension ring. (4) Use metal tank barrel. (5) The speed of the winding machine is too low. (6) It is appropriate to control the relative humidity of the workshop at around 75%. AAMHGCVVBEW
Disclaimer:
Disclaimer: Some of the texts, pictures, audios, and videos of some articles published on this site are from the Internet and do not represent the views of this site. The copyrights belong to the original authors. If you find that the information reproduced on this website infringes upon your rights, please contact us and we will change or delete it as soon as possible.
AA
