Extravehicular space suit fabrics have been successfully developed. The “Shenzhou VII” space suit can prevent meteoroids
At present, our country has successfully developed fabrics for astronauts’ extravehicular suits. According to reports, the fabric is made of high-grade mixed fibers. After testing by authoritative organizations, the fabric has high strength, high temperature resistance, impact resistance, radiation protection and other properties, and can meet the requirements of astronauts for exiting the spacecraft.
Equivalent to a small aircraft
“The space suit of the ‘Shenzhou VII’ will be very different from the space suits that everyone sees now.” Pang Zhihao, a well-known aerospace expert, said. “The fabric of astronauts’ extravehicular spacesuits has laid the foundation for the future development of domestic extravehicular spacesuits.”
According to experts, the spacesuits worn by astronauts can be divided into indoor spacesuits and extravehicular spacesuits according to their functions. . In-cabin space suits are also called emergency space suits. When a leak occurs in the cockpit of a manned spacecraft and the pressure suddenly drops, the astronauts put it on in time and connect the matching oxygen and gas supply systems in the cabin, and the suit will Instantly pressurizes and supplies air, and can provide certain temperature protection and communication functions. Astronauts generally wear in-cabin spacesuits during accident-prone stages such as ascent, orbit change, and landing of the spacecraft, but they do not need to wear them during normal flights.
“Yang Liwei, Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng are wearing cabin spacesuits.” Pang Zhihao said, “Since Shenzhou 7 is going to achieve spacewalks, the astronauts performing extravehicular missions are wearing cabin spacesuits. The suit will undergo greater tests, so more technological breakthroughs need to be achieved in development.”
According to experts, extravehicular space suits are an important means to ensure the safety of astronauts and effectively complete extravehicular activities. Its basic function is to protect astronauts from the harsh environment of space and provide a microenvironment for individual astronauts to survive. Pang Zhihao also revealed, “my country’s extravehicular spacesuit will be designed with a safety rope. This can not only maintain communication with the spacecraft and the ground, but also provide oxygen and food to astronauts in extravehicular activities, and at the same time excrete waste. .” Not only should the heat insulation be good, but it should also be able to dissipate heat
Experts believe that the outer protective material of the extravehicular spacesuit is the key to its formation. It should have radiation protection, ultraviolet protection, and quenching resistance that the indoor suit does not have. , sudden heating and other functions. Because astronauts leaving the cabin may encounter temperatures of more than 200 degrees Celsius on the side facing the sun, and temperatures as low as minus zero degrees Celsius on the side facing away from the sun. This sudden cooling and heating change requires the use of special materials and protective layers.
This time, my country’s independently designed extravehicular spacesuit can protect astronauts from being hit by micrometeoroids in space and can filter a certain degree of radiation.
To cope with extreme changes in temperature, most space suits use multiple layers of fiber to insulate, and then cover the outer layer with light-reflective fabric. Everyone generates heat during respiration, so astronauts generate a lot of heat whenever they’re doing their job. If this heat is not removed, the skin will sweat and coat the helmet, causing astronauts to become severely dehydrated.
There are fans or water-cooled fabrics in the spacesuit to remove excess heat. There is also a “long underwear” made from a series of nylon and elastic rayon fibers interwoven with rubber tubes. Cold water from the back of the suit or piped from a space shuttle flows through these hoses to remove excess heat generated by the astronauts.
A communication transmission system is indispensable
There is a fiber cover on the space suit, which contains a microphone and speaker for communication of a hands-free device. Together with the transmitter and receiver in the space suit, it can allow astronauts to communicate with ground control center and other astronauts.
It can also generate assist, allowing astronauts to walk freely outside the space shuttle. In this regard, American spacesuits do well. Their extravehicular spacesuit has a gas-driven joystick device. Whenever the astronaut wants to move in a certain direction, gas will be ejected from the corresponding position to make the astronaut move. The device provides a high speed of three meters per second.
Transporting nutrients and excreting waste
Each spacewalk lasts for a long time, and the body will continue to produce urine. If you walk into the bathroom in the space shuttle, too much time will be wasted balancing the space shuttle and During the space suit’s pressure procedure. Therefore, astronauts will wear a piece of cloth to absorb urine and excrement. When the work is completed, the cloth is discarded.
The water the astronauts need is placed in a plastic bag. The plastic bag can hold 1.9 liters of drinking water and is connected to a small tube and drinking tube at the astronaut’s mouth. The plastic bag has a long hole for placing shell food sticks for astronauts on spacewalks.
Everyone exhales carbon dioxide, and astronauts are no exception. In the sealed space of the space suit, if carbon dioxide is not removed, its concentration will rise to dangerous levels and cause the death of astronauts. The air first enters a box containing charcoal to remove odors, and then enters a part where carbon dioxide is filtered. Then, it passes through a fan and returns to the water-cooling system after the water vapor is removed by the purifier. The air temperature is maintained at 12.8 degrees Celsius, and the conversion device on the space suit can provide oxygen supply and carbon dioxide removal for up to 7 hours. AA57865ERT34GSD
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