Several new fibers
Several new fibers
1. Natural colored cotton
Naturally grown non-white cotton. my country began to introduce and plant colored cotton in 1994. Currently, it has brown, green, purple, gray, orange and other color varieties. , usually used to blend with white cotton and synthetic fibers without dyeing in the post-process. It is a truly environmentally friendly green fiber, and its length and strength are slightly inferior to white cotton.
2. Descaling and shrink-proof wool
The scales of wool make wool shrinkable, which brings many problems to washing and use. Therefore, stripping and destroying wool scales is a direct and fundamental way to prevent shrinkage. Method, after chlorination treatment, the wool not only obtains a permanent anti-shrinking effect, but also makes the wool fiber finer, the fiber surface becomes smooth and shiny, dyeing becomes easier, and the products are softer, smoother, and more resistant. Features such as pilling, machine washability, and no itch, give wool fabrics better quality and a wider range of applications. This treatment method is called “wool surface denaturation treatment”, and some people also call it “wool mercerization treatment”.
3. New green cellulose fiber – Lyocell
This is a new type of cellulose fiber developed abroad in the 1990s. The natural cellulose raw material is directly dissolved in an aqueous solution of NMMO for spinning. A regenerated man-made cellulose fiber. The production process is simpler than viscose. The solvent used is non-toxic and no harmful substances are released. The solvent recovery rate reaches 99.7%. The product waste can be biodegraded after 5 to 6 weeks in the soil and does not constitute Regarding environmental pollution, it is called the green fiber of the 21st century. It provides a direction for the environmentally friendly production of cellulose fibers and product upgrading. At present, the British company Courtaulds and the Austrian company Lenzjng are the main manufacturers. Our country often quotes the British trade name (Jencel), which is translated as Tanser or Tencel. Lyocell fiber combines the advantages of natural fibers and synthetic fibers. It has the advantages of good hygroscopicity, breathability, and comfort of cellulose fiber. Its wearing comfort is much better than that of polyester. It has beautiful luster, soft hand feel, good drape, and good elegance. At the same time, it has the advantage of high strength of synthetic fibers. Its strength is higher than cotton and ordinary viscose. It has good dimensional stability in washing and good cost performance. Its blending performance is good and can be blended with other natural fibers and synthetic fibers. Next The table shows the performance comparison between Lyocell fiber and other fibers.
Fiber properties Lyocell Ordinary viscose Modal Cotton Polyester
Dry strength CN·tex 42~48 20~25 34~38 25~30 48~60
Wet strength CN·tex 26~36 10~15 18 ~22 26~32 46~58
Dry elongation at break % 10~15 18~23 14~16 8~10 25~30
Wet elongation at break % 10~18 22~28 15~18 12~14 25~30
Wet initial modulus
CN·tex (elongation 15%) 250~270 40~50 180~250 100~150 210
Moisture regain 11~13% 13% 12 % 8.5% 0.4%
4. Microfiber
The products feel soft, delicate, smooth, and have a soft luster. The microfiber has a large specific surface area, strong surface adsorption, and is highly cleansable. Ability to be used as highly absorbent materials (such as towels, paper towels), microfiber can be used to make silk-like fabrics, high-density waterproof and breathable fabrics, peach skin fabrics, imitation deerskin fabrics, etc.
At present, there is no unified standard for the classification of ultrafine fibers in the country, but generally, fineness is 0.55~1.4dtex (0.5~1.3 denier) as fine denier yarn, and fineness is 0.33~0.55dtex as ultrafine denier yarn. , the fineness is 0.11~0.33dtex, which is extremely fine denier.
5. Cool fiber (Coolmax)
DuPont’s Dacron has a four-groove cross-section, which increases the liquid water conduction area and has excellent moisture treatment functions (breathable and moisture permeable), just like a pipe. Moisture is quickly sent to the outer layer of the fabric, enhancing the wearer’s comfort. It also has excellent dyeability and stain resistance. It is suitable for men’s and women’s shirts, outdoor and sportswear fabrics, keeping the wearer dry, comfortable and long-lasting. As one.
6. Flame retardant fiber
The flame retardancy of fiber is generally expressed by the limiting oxygen index (LOI, which is the percentage of low oxygen content that can maintain combustion). The oxygen content in the air is approximately 21%. If the LOI value of the fiber is greater than 21%, it cannot continue to burn in the air after leaving the flame. Generally, fibers with an LOI greater than 26% can be considered flame retardant fibers. Flame-retardant acrylic fiber is the main fiber variety used in the production of flame-retardant fabrics in my country. The LOI value is above 26%, has good flame retardancy, good dimensional stability, sunlight resistance similar to acrylic, comfortable hand feel, good drape, good resilience, easy dyeing, and good color fastness.
In addition, aromatic rings or aromatic heterocyclic rings are introduced into the macromolecular chains of fiber-forming polymers to increase the rigidity of the molecular chains, the density and cohesion of macromolecules, thereby improving thermal stability. For example, aramid 1313 (Nomex) is also a flame-retardant fiber with good flame retardancy. AADFGTEHTRY
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