Color fastness to dry cleaning is one of the important indicators for assessing the wearing performance of textiles. GB/T 5711-1997 “Textiles Color Fastness Test – Color Fastness to Dry Cleaning” stipulates important test methods for the color fastness of textiles to dry cleaning, and is adopted by my country Relevant product standards are widely adopted. The revised standard was released on September 11, 2015 and implemented on June 1, 2016. The revised standard is more in line with industry development needs and is of great practical value. This article analyzes the main changes in the content of the revised standard, which will help promote the new standard and help test personnel better carry out inspection work.
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1Main changes
1.1 Standard name
The name of the standard was revised from “Textiles Color Fastness Test and Color Fastness to Dry Cleaning” to “Textile Color Fastness Test and Color Fastness to Dry Cleaning with Perchlorethylene”. The new standard clearly includes tetrachlorethylene in the title, making the standard’s scope of application More clear and easier to find and use.
1.2 Testing Principle
The new version of the standard has revised the testing principles. See Table 1 for details.
Put the textile sample and the stainless steel sheet into a cotton bag, place it in perchlorethylene and stir, then squeeze or centrifuge the sample to remove the liquid, dry it in hot air, and use the gray sample card for evaluating discoloration to evaluate the discoloration of the sample. At the end of the test, use transmitted light to compare the filtered solvent with the blank solvent, and use the gray card to evaluate the staining of the solvent.
Put the textile and the specified backing fabric together, put it into a cotton bag together with the stainless steel sheet, stir it in perchlorethylene, then squeeze or centrifuge the sample and the backing fabric to remove the liquid, and use the original sample as a reference , use a gray sample card or instrument to evaluate the discoloration of the sample and the staining of the backing fabric.
As can be seen from Table 1, the testing principles of the new version of the standard have the following changes:
1.2.1 Test sample
The specified backing fabric was added to the test sample, and the sample was changed primarily to accommodate the changes in ratings.
1.2.2 Rating objects
This new version of the standard revision adopts ISO 105-D01:2010 “Color Fastness of Textiles Part D01: Color Fastness to Perchlorethylene Dry Cleaning”, which uses standard lining fabrics to evaluate the staining of the sample’s color fastness to dry cleaning, instead of Previous practice in assessing reagent stain levels after dry cleaning. Another influential test standard of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, AATCC TM 132, also adopts this method.
1.2.3 Rating method
Added the use of instruments for discoloration and staining.
1.3 Security warning
Tetrachlorethylene is one of the commonly used dry cleaning agents for textiles. However, this substance has irritating and anesthetic effects. People with acute poisoning after inhalation will have symptoms of upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic effects will cause symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness. Without protective measures, repeated skin contact can cause dermatitis and eczema. Color fastness to dry cleaning is a routine test item, and testers will be exposed to it in large quantities at work. This added chapter emphasizes the toxicity of perchlorethylene and the correct operation methods, which is beneficial to protecting the health and safety of testers.
1.4 Reagents and materials
(1) Due to changes in testing principles, the chapter on reagents and materials has also added requirements for lining fabrics. The new standard can choose between multi-fiber lining and single-fiber lining to maintain consistency with international standards.
(2) The size requirements for undyed twill fabrics are deleted, and only the final sample bag size requirements are required in Chapter 7 samples, which reduces the waste of secondary cutting and consumables.
1.5 Equipment
(1) The requirements for fume hoods are added to this chapter, and the fume hoods are included in the equipment required by the standard, making them a necessary condition for testing and ensuring the health of test personnel.
(2) Added provisions for using instruments for rating, which is consistent with changes in rating methods.
1.6 Sample
Due to changes in testing principles, the standard has revised the corresponding sample preparation methods.
1.6.1 Fabric sample
When the sample is a fabric, the front side is sewn with a multi-fiber backing or sandwiched between two single-fiber backing fabrics to form a combined sample.
1.6.2 Yarn or loose fiber
The yarn can be woven into fabric, and the sample is prepared according to the fabric. For tests with yarn or loose fibers, the mass of the yarn or loose fibers should be approximately equal to half of the total mass of the backing fabric. The new standard stipulates the sampling quantity of yarn and loose fibers, which can avoid test deviations and quality disputes caused by different sampling quantities.
1.7 Operating procedures
(1) An inspection step is added before the experiment to ensure that the interior of the stainless steel container, lid and sealing device are dry to prevent leakage or moisture interference from affecting the experimental results.
(2) Added regulations for injecting liquid and taking out samples in the fume hood, and deleted the regulations in the old version of “hanging the samples in hot air at a temperature of 60°C ± 5°C for drying” and changed it to hanging Drying in ventilation equipment�. Operating in a fume hood can prevent the spread of some toxic vapors, gases and particles and prevent laboratory workers from inhaling them.
2 suggestions
The new version of the standard already has relatively detailed provisions on safety. In order to avoid sudden emergencies, it is hoped that the following two points will be included in the standard in the next revision: first, set up eyewash and safety shower devices near the operating table; second, It is a necessary first aid measure. For example, in case of skin contact, take off clothes immediately and rinse with soapy water; in case of inhalation, quickly leave the scene and move to fresh air.
3Conclusion
In the commercial dry cleaning process, multi-colored clothes are often mixed and washed, so it is common for the dye peeled off from the clothes to contaminate other clothes. Using standard lining fabrics to evaluate the staining degree can not only evaluate the impact of the shed dye on the clothes, but also Suitable ingredients or lining materials can be selected according to the staining condition of the lining fabric, which has practical value. The revised standards are more in line with industry development needs while maintaining consistency with international standards, which is conducive to the import and export trade of my country’s textile products.
Article source/”Light Industry Standards and Quality” Issue 2, 2016
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