Foreword: The spindle is one of the main components of twisting and winding on the spinning machine. It is an assembly with a slender rotary shaft supported at two points as the main body. There are spindles on roving frames, spinning frames, and twisting machines.
As we all know, everyone is accustomed to expressing the equipment scale and production capacity of a spinning mill in terms of the number of spindles. Irregular operation of spindles has a negative impact on the production capacity of the corresponding process. Direct impact, especially on spun yarn spindles.
Example 1
Irregular operation, tighten the spindle nut enough, and then use gravity Knock the spindle holder to correct the spindle level or the spindle to the ring center.
DFG2 type, D12 series, D32 series spindles, due to the large gap between the outer ring of the spindle holder and the rib hole, are designed based on the center of the steel ring as the positioning datum. It is not appropriate to move the spindle holder during installation. After the nut is tightened enough, use gravity to knock the spindle holder to adjust the level of the spindle or the spindle to the center of the ring. This operation is laborious and not conducive to the adjustment and alignment of the spindle. The level is easy to move, and it is also easy to damage the dragon rib or the surface of the spindle holder. .
Standard operation: When knocking the spindle holder, use a steel chisel and aim it at the side of the spindle holder at an angle of 20 to 25 degrees. Do not hit the spindle holder nut or the following parts. Do not use a pipe to insert a wrench into the spindle holder. Increase the strength arm to tighten the spindle nut. These practices can easily cause the spindle to crack or break and be damaged. The tightening torque of the spindle nut is 80N.m.
Example 2
Irregular operation, insert the spindle into the spindle holder while adding spindle oil Inside.
D32 series spindles are widely used in cotton spinning mills. Due to their special structure, the spindle oil cannot easily enter the narrow inner cavity of the spindle holder (vibration absorption) when refueling. The interlayer gap of the coil spring is only 0.2mm). If the spindle is inserted into the spindle holder while adding oil, the spindle oil will overflow, leaving a great hidden danger for the spindle to be short of oil.
Standard operation: When adding spindle oil, the rhythm should be slow, do not do it too hastily, and do not leak oil! Leaking oil will definitely burn the spindle. After adding the spindle oil, wait 1 hour before replenishing the oil, and then insert the spindle into the spindle holder.
Example 3
Irregular operation, the spindle is not inserted into the original spindle holder after being pulled out, or when a bad spindle or bad spindle holder is replaced, the complete set is not replaced together.
After the spindle has been running, the upper and lower pairs of friction pairs have been run-in. If they are not inserted into the original spindle holder or the complete set is not replaced together, they will need to be worn again. In this way, the spindle will easily become numb or shake its head, and have a large vibration range. Cause new wear and tear
Example 4
Irregular operation, not completely pulling out the spindle to replenish oil.
Incomplete pulling out the spindle to replenish oil, resulting in oil not being added directly. The rollers of the bearings cannot provide good oil replenishment. If this operation is performed for a long time, the spindle rod-plate combination may be bent and the upper bearing may be damaged.
Standard operation: Completely pull out the spindle and refill the oil.
Example 5
Irregular operation. During equipment maintenance, pull out the spindle and place it upside down in the gap of the drafting part or place it diagonally on the machine table.
If it is placed upside down or tilted on the machine table, the spindle oil attached to the lower cone part of the spindle will flow back and accumulate in the spindle plate hole. When the spindle is inserted into the spindle holder, the spindle oil will flow to the surface of the spindle holder or dragon rib, or If it drips on the ground, it will cause the oil to fly and pollute the ground, and even produce oil stains.
Standard operation: After the spindle is pulled out, it should be placed vertically on the special spindle car (with an oil storage tray underneath). Before the spindle is inserted into the spindle holder, the lower cone part of the spindle should be wiped with a lint-free cloth to clean away the adhered flying particles, waste wire, etc. Impurities.
Example 6
Irregular operation, replace the traveler after pulling out the spindle.
Standard operation: In order to facilitate the leveling of the spindle and the correction of the spindle to the center of the ring, replace ( Especially when prying off the traveler, the traveler should be removed before the spindle is pulled out to prevent the traveler from falling into the spindle holder and damaging the spindle after driving.
Example 7
Irregular operation, spindle cleaning and replacement (repair) After oiling and before starting the machine, the ring plate should not be raised to a high position, and there is no need to cover both sides of the machine with cloth.
Standard operation: After cleaning the spindle and changing (replenishing) oil, before driving, raise the steel ring to a high position, and cover both sides of the machine with cloth to prevent After starting the machine, flying oil (mist) affects adjacent machines to produce oily yarn. Stop the machine after driving for 20 minutes, and then use a clean cloth to wipe away the oil splash on the surface of the ring plate, beam, spindle base, etc.
Example 8
Irregular operation, the new spindle was not cleaned and oil changed when it was put on the truck Program operation, wait for 2 to 3 months of use before cleaning and oil change.
Standard operation: The new spindle wears violently during the running-in period, and it will inevitably produce tiny particles. If these tiny particles are not removed in time, they will inevitably Will aggravate the wear of the spindle. The following work should be done according to the new spindle cleaning oil procedure.
Replenish oil after 1 hour of initial refueling, check the oil level, and lubricate the upper bearing roller. After inserting the spindle, run it at low speed (10-12kr/min) for 8 hours, then run it at normal spindle speed for 1 to 3 days, and perform the first Clean and change oil. After 7 days of operation, perform the second cleaning and oil change; after 15 to 20 days of operation, perform the third cleaning and oil change, and then switch to the normal cleaning and oil change cycle.
After three times of timely and effective initial maintenance, cleaning and oil change, the abrasive particles generated by the initial operation of the spindle can be basically removed, minimizing the harm of initial wear and making the spindle more durable. The new spindle transitions smoothly and smoothly to the stable period and enters the normal wear state. This can effectively extend the service life of the spindle and lay the foundation for normal spindle maintenance in the future. It is wrong to clean and change the oil only once after 2 to 3 months of use.
Example 9
Irregular operation, using the spindle as a tool (such as a pry bar, punch head) to use.
” This will only cause the spindle to bend, damage the tip and be scrapped.
Standardized operations: Develop good working habits.
Example 10
Irregular operation, use talcum powder to absorb the dragon ribs and spindle base waitOil spills and oil splashes on the surface of machine parts
This is an extremely wrong approach! Using talcum powder to absorb oil spills or oil splashes is extremely harmful. The air vortex generated when the spindle is adjusting its rotation can easily bring talcum powder into the spindle holder (which is equivalent to adding abrasive), resulting in serious contamination of the spindle oil, accelerated variation of the physical and chemical properties of the spindle oil, increased spindle vibration, and serious wear and tear of the spindle.
Standard operation: To clean up oil spills or splashes, just wipe them with a cloth.
Example 22
Irregular operation, the spindle has been used for many years without inspection and correction for bending.
Standard operation: When the spindle is used for half a year to one year, the spindle should be inspected, corrected and bent. Before correcting the bending, check the condition of the spindle first. If there are grooves, bald spots, or scratches, they should be discarded and scrapped. To correct the bending of the spindle, place both ends of the spindle on a 60-degree V-shaped iron on a flat plate (one end has a backer for positioning) and use a dial indicator to check and measure.
If the bending is out of tolerance, use a small pry bar to press down hard on the high point of the bending until it meets the quality requirements. The alignment part should be careful to avoid contact with the spindle tip, the upper taper part of the spindle (that is, the contact point with the “eye of the bobbin”) and the upper bearing. When the spindle plate is eccentric and needs to be corrected, do not pry the spindle plate hole, otherwise it will easily cause the combination of the spindle and the spindle plate to loosen, causing numbness and shaking of the head.
Example 12
Irregular operation, no wipe stains adhered to the spindle during equipment maintenance If there are any flying particles, waste wire and impurities in the lower taper part, insert the spindle into the spindle holder.
It is very important to clean the surface of the spindle and the inner cavity of the spindle holder. Any foreign matter entering the spindle holder will affect the lubrication effect, function and service life of the spindle.
Standard operation: Use a lint-free cloth to wipe away the flying particles, waste wire and impurities adhered to the lower cone part of the spindle, and then insert the spindle into the spindle holder.
Example 13
Irregular operation, the equipment maintenance machine was parked overnight and the spindle was not inserted. When installing the spindle seat, do not cover the bearing hole part of the spindle seat with cloth or plastic film.
Standard operation: For machines that need to be parked overnight, when the spindle is not inserted into the spindle holder, special cloth or plastic film should be used to cover the bearing hole of the spindle holder to prevent dust, flying flowers, and debris from falling into the spindle. The variation in oil quality caused by the oil in the seat affects the lubrication effect and even wears the spindle; at the same time, it can also reduce or prevent yarn defects caused by flying flowers to adjacent machines during cleaning work.
Example 14
Irregular operation and failure to clear the oil splash in the spindle plate hole for a long time Dirt buildup.
The existence of these oil flying particles and fouling will undoubtedly increase the rotational resistance of the spindle, causing the spindle speed to decrease, the twist unevenness to increase, the yarn strength to decrease, and the spindle strength to decrease. Quality variation caused by large differences.
Standard operation: It must be combined with the correction and bending work of the spindle to completely remove the oil dust and scale in the spindle plate hole.
Example 15
Irregular operation, the tension of the spindle belt is inconsistent.
The belt tension of the entire car should be consistent. If the tension of the spindle belt is too high, it will increase the radial load on the bearing on the spindle, which will easily increase the wear of the spindle and shorten the service life of the spindle; if the tension of the spindle belt is too small, it will easily stall, resulting in a large difference in spindle speed and high uneven twist rate of the yarn. There should be no “dead ingot belt”.
Standard operation: The appropriate spindle belt tension should be around 8N. You can use a spring to hook the spindle belt (in the middle of the two spindles) and pull the spindle belt straight. When the spindle tape frame just swings forward, check the red reading on the spring scale, which is the tension of the spindle tape.
Example 16
Irregular operation, the working position of the spindle belt is abnormal.
Standard operation: Carefully position the spindle tape rack in height, front and back, left and right.
High and low position: When the spindle reel frame is in a vertical state, the top surface of the spindle reel should be on the same horizontal plane as the center line of the arc groove of the spindle reel. If the horizontal position of the spindle belt is too high or too low, it will cause the spindle belt to be out of center; it will sink and rub the lower part of the spindle plate, causing the spindle belt to impact the spindle vibration, and also cause the lower part of the spindle belt to be worn out prematurely; floating upward will cause the spindle belt to vibrate.The spindle floats upward, causing abnormal wear on the cone part of the spindle, which is very harmful.
Front and back positions: The spindle disk frame should not touch any machine parts after being pushed forward and backward. The front and back swings are natural and flexible without tight rolling, and the swing angles are basically the same.
Left and right position: The spindle belt should not rub against the spindle reel bracket or the side of the spindle reel during rotation. In order to make the arc surrounding the four spindles by the spindle belt as close as possible to reduce uneven twist, the position of the spindle belt tray should be as far to the left as possible, so as to avoid touching the spindle belt when driving.
When adjusting the spindle belt and the rotating part of the spindle, you must pay great attention to it and perform the operation carefully and standardly. You cannot just focus on the rotation of the spindle belt on the spindle belt plate. A one-sided approach where spindles are enough.
The basic work of equipment must focus on standardization, implementation and perseverance to achieve actual results. The spindle is a key spinning component. During use, irregular operations must be avoided and operations must be performed according to the specifications to reduce end breaks, hairiness, yarn defects and material consumption, thereby achieving the goals of improving product quality, reducing costs and increasing efficiency. .
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