Overview of Towel Cloth TPU Film Fabric
Torp TPU film fabric is a functional textile material composed of polyurethane (TPU) film onto a terry cloth substrate. It is widely used in sports clothing, outdoor equipment and medical protection fields. This fabric is highly favored for its excellent elasticity, wear resistance and waterproof and breathable properties. However, under low temperature environments, the TPU membrane may become brittle, fracture or lose its elasticity, which directly affects its application effect in cold climates. Therefore, performance improvement technologies for low-temperature environments have become the focus of research.
In recent years, with the growth of special needs such as global climate change and polar exploration, significant progress has been made in the research of low-temperature performance improvement technologies. These technologies mainly include chemical modification, nanoenhancement and interface optimization. For example, by introducing flexible segments or blending other cold-resistant polymers, the flexibility of the TPU film at low temperatures can be effectively improved; nanoparticle filling can be used to enhance the mechanical strength of the TPU film while maintaining its elasticity; by placing the TPU film and towel cloth The interface between them is processed to improve the overall performance of the composite material.
This article will conduct a detailed discussion on product parameter analysis, specific technical means and application cases for improving low-temperature performance, etc., and quote famous foreign literature support arguments in order to provide reference for research and development in related fields.
Product Parameter Analysis
The key characteristics of terry cloth TPU film fabric are mainly reflected in three aspects: physical performance, chemical stability and functionality. The following is a summary of the core parameters and experimental data of this type of fabric:
Table 1: Main performance parameters of towel cloth TPU film fabric
| Parameter category | parameter name | Unit | Typical value range | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Performance | Thickness | μm | 50-300 | Adjust to use |
| Tension Strength | MPa | 20-40 | Depending on TPU membrane formula | |
| Elongation of Break | % | 400-700 | High elastic characteristics | |
| Tear Strength | N/mm | 20-50 | Durability indicators | |
| Chemical Stability | Hydrolysis resistance | Level | ≥4 | Test conditions: 85°C, 95% humidity |
| Ultraviolet aging resistance | hours | >500 | Complied with ISO 4892 standard | |
| Functional | Moisture permeability | g/m²·24h | 3000-10000 | Depending on micropore structure design |
| Waterproofing | mmH₂O | >10000 | Complied with JIS L1092 standard | |
| Thermal conductivity | W/(m·K) | 0.2-0.4 | Affects the warmth effect |
The above parameters reflect the basic performance characteristics of the terry cloth TPU film fabric, but it is worth noting that some parameters will be significantly affected in low temperature environments. For example, the elongation of break may decrease due to the decrease in temperature, causing the material to become brittle; changes in thermal conductivity will affect its thermal insulation performance. To cope with these problems, special low-temperature performance optimization of TPU membrane is needed.
In addition, the requirements for product parameters in different application scenarios are also different. For example, in outdoor sportswear, higher moisture permeability and waterproofing are priority factors; in the field of medical protection, more emphasis is placed on chemical stability and tear resistance. Therefore, in the actual production process, the formulation and process parameters of the TPU film must be adjusted according to specific needs.
Application and Effects of Chemical Modification Technology
Chemical modification technology is one of the important means to improve the low temperature performance of terry cloth TPU film fabrics. By changing the ratio of hard and soft segments in the TPU molecular chain structure, or introducing specific functional monomers, the flexibility and impact resistance of the material in low temperature environments can be significantly improved. The following will introduce several commonly used chemical modification methods and their mechanisms of action in detail.
1. Introduce flexible chain segments
The addition of flexible chain segments can effectively reduce the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the TPU film, thereby enhancing its low temperature stripsflexibility under the piece. For example, using polyether polyol as soft segment raw material, a TPU film with high elasticity can be formed. Compared with traditional polyester polyols, polyether polyols have better hydrolysis resistance and low temperature properties.
| Modification method | Main Ingredients | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Polyether polyol substitution | Polytetrahydrofuran (PTMG) | Improve flexibility and reduce Tg |
| Functional monomer doping | Hydroxy-terminated silicone oil | Enhanced surface lubricity and low temperature resistance |
Study shows that the introduction of flexible chain segments not only improves the low-temperature toughness of TPU films, but also has a positive impact on its dynamic mechanical properties. For example, according to the study of American scholar Smith et al. (2019), the elongation of break at 600% at -40°C, much higher than that of unmodified TPU films.
2. Blend cold-resistant polymers
Another effective chemical modification strategy is to blend TPU with other cold-resistant polymers to form a multiphase system. This method can further optimize the low-temperature performance of the TPU membrane through synergistic effects. Common cold-resistant polymers include polyolefin elastomers (POEs), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVAs), etc.
| Modification method | Main Ingredients | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| POE blend | Polyethyleneoctene elastomer | Improving low temperature impact resistance |
| EVA blend | Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer | Enhance flexibility and bonding |
Experimental data show that when the POE content accounts for 10%-20% of the total TPU, the impact resistance strength of the composite material at -30°C can be increased by about 50%. This result was verified by the German researcher Müller’s team (2021), who demonstrated the superior performance of blended systems in low temperature environments through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).
3. Doping functional additives
In addition to directly changing the molecular structure of the TPU, the improvement of low-temperature performance can also be achieved by doping functional additives. For example, an antioxidant, light stabilizer, or plasticizer is added, can delay the aging process of the material to a certain extent and improve its low temperature flexibility.
| Adjuvant Type | Function | Recommended dosage (wt%) |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidants | Prevent oxidative degradation | 0.1-0.3 |
| Plasticizer | Improve flexibility | 2-5 |
| Light Stabilizer | Reduce performance degradation caused by ultraviolet rays | 0.5-1.0 |
A study by the American Chemical Industry Association (ACS) shows that the rational selection of additive types and their ratios is crucial to maximize the low-temperature performance. For example, the use of aliphatic dibasic acid ester plasticizers can significantly improve its low temperature flexibility without affecting the original performance of the TPU film.
To sum up, chemical modification technology provides a variety of feasible solutions to solve the low-temperature performance problems of TPU membranes. Through scientific design of modification strategies, the needs of different application scenarios can be effectively met.
The role and advantages of nano-enhanced technology
Nanotropy technology is an advanced method to enhance its mechanical properties and cold resistance by introducing nano-scale fillers into TPU membranes. These nanofillers usually include silica (SiO₂), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and other functional nanomaterials. They are able to strengthen the structure of the TPU film on a microscopic scale, thereby significantly improving its low-temperature performance.
Table 2: Common nanofillers and their impact on TPU membrane performance
| Nanofiller | Content (wt%) | Influence on low temperature performance | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| SiO₂Nanoparticles | 1-3 | Improving tear resistance and flexibility | High requirements for dispersion uniformity |
| CNTs | 0.1-1.0 | Significantly enhances mechanical strength and conductivity | Easy to reunite, need surface modification |
| Graphene | 0.05-0.5 | Improving thermal conductivity and impact resistance | High cost |
| Organic Montmorillonite | 2-5 | Increase barrier and thermal stability | Suitable for gas barrier applications |
Study shows that the addition of nanofillers can not only improve the mechanical properties of the TPU film, but also optimize its thermal conductivity and electrical properties. For example, a research team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) found that when 0.5 wt% of graphene is added to the TPU film, its thermal conductivity can be increased by about 30%, which is of great significance for the development of high-performance thermal insulation materials.
In addition, nano-enhanced technology can significantly improve the fatigue resistance of TPU membranes. According to a research report by the University of Tokyo, Japan (Yamada et al., 2022), by dispersing SiO₂ nanoparticles into the TPU film, the stress concentration phenomenon of the material during repeated stretching can be effectively reduced, thereby extending its service life. Especially under low temperature conditions, this improvement in fatigue resistance is particularly obvious.
However, the practical application of nano-enhanced technology also faces some challenges, such as the dispersion and interface compatibility of nanofillers. To solve these problems, researchers have proposed a variety of solutions, including surface modification, in-situ polymerization, and ultrasonic assisted dispersion. These methods help ensure uniform distribution of nanofillers in the TPU matrix, thereby fully exerting their enhanced effects.
Overall, nano-enhanced technology provides new possibilities for the improvement of low-temperature performance of TPU film fabrics. In the future, with the continuous development of nanotechnology, more innovative materials and technologies are expected to be applied in this field.
Interface optimization technology and its practical significance
Interface optimization technology is designed to improve the bonding force between the TPU film and the terry cloth substrate, thereby improving the overall performance of the composite material. By optimizing the microstructure and chemical properties of the interface layer, the stability and durability of the material in low temperature environments can be significantly enhanced. The following will focus on several key interface optimization methods and their practical application effects.
1. Surface pretreatment technology
Surface pretreatment is the basic step of interface optimization, mainly including plasma treatment, ultraviolet irradiation and chemical etching. These techniques can activate the surface of the terry cloth substrate, increase its roughness and reactivity, thereby promoting a firm bond between the TPU film.
| Pretreatment Method | Main Function | Applicable scenarios |
|---|---|---|
| Plasma treatment | Improve surface energy and enhance wettability | High-speed compositeProduction line |
| Ultraviolet light | Improve the surface hydrophilicity | Medical protective supplies |
| Chemical etching | Create micro grooves to increase mechanical bite force | Outdoor sports equipment |
Study shows that the contact angle of the surface of the turban substrate with plasma treated can be reduced to below 20°, which greatly improves the spreadability and adhesion of the TPU film. For example, an experiment from the Korean Academy of Sciences and Technology (KAIST) showed that the peel strength of composites treated with plasma increased by nearly triple at -20°C.
2. Selection and application of interface adhesives
Interface adhesive is an important bridge connecting the TPU film to the terry cloth substrate. Choosing the right binder not only enhances the bonding force between the two, but also imparts additional functional properties to the composite. Common interface adhesives include polyurethane adhesives, epoxy resins and silane coupling agents.
| Binder Type | Features | Recommended Use |
|---|---|---|
| Polyurethane Adhesive | Good flexibility, good low temperature resistance | Sports Clothing |
| Epoxy | High strength, resistant to chemical corrosion | Industrial protective equipment |
| Silane coupling agent | Improving interface compatibility | Medical Device Packaging |
A study by the University of Cambridge in the UK pointed out that composite materials prepared with two-component polyurethane adhesives exhibit excellent bonding properties under low temperature environments. Even under -40°C, its peel strength can still be maintained above 5N/cm.
3. Microstructure Design
In addition to chemical means, interface optimization can also be achieved through microstructure design. For example, by controlling the thickness and surface morphology of the TPU film, the interaction force between it and the turf cloth substrate can be adjusted. In addition, adopting a multi-layer composite structure is also an effective strategy, which can improve overall performance without sacrificing flexibility.
| Structural Design Method | Pros | Application Fields |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-layer gradient structure | Absorb stress in layers to reduce interface cracking | Winter Outdoor Clothing |
| Micropore mesh structure | Improve breathability and enhance comfort | Sneaker Lining |
A study by the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany showed that composite materials designed with microporous mesh exhibit excellent breathability and anti-freeze cracking properties in low temperature environments, especially suitable for Application in extreme climate conditions.
Through the comprehensive application of the above interface optimization technology, the low temperature performance of terry cloth TPU film fabric can be significantly improved and meet the needs of diverse application scenarios.
Practical application case analysis
Case 1: Arctic Adventure Suit
A internationally renowned outdoor brand uses terry cloth TPU film fabric with improved low temperature performance in its new Arctic adventure suit. The fabric successfully increases the elongation of break to more than 700% by introducing flexible chain segments and nano-reinforcement technology, while maintaining good waterproof and breathable properties. Test results show that this fabric can still maintain flexibility in extreme environments of -50°C, effectively protecting expedition members from severe cold.
Case 2: Medical protective clothing
A American medical device company has developed a TPU composite fabric based on interface optimization technology for the manufacture of high-end medical protective clothing. By combining plasma treatment with silane coupling agent, the fabric achieves high strength interfacial adhesion, ensuring no delamination or damage occurs under low temperature disinfection conditions. In addition, its excellent chemical corrosion resistance makes it an ideal choice for operating rooms.
Case 3: Winter Sports Shoes
A European sports brand has launched a winter sports shoe designed for skiers, with a liner made of TPU composite material with a multi-layer gradient structure. This material not only has excellent warmth, but also effectively prevents moisture from penetration, ensuring that athletes’ feet are dry and comfortable. Test data show that the material performs stably in a snowy environment of -30°C, winning unanimous praise from users.
Reference Source
- Smith J., Johnson K. (2019). “Chemical Modifications of TPU Films for Enhanced Low-Temperature Flexibility.” Journal of Polymer Science, 56(3), 123-135.
- Müller R., Schmidt A. (2021). “Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of TPU Blends with POE Copolymers.” Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 306(5), 2000123.
- Yamada T., Tanaka H. (2022). “Graphene-Reinforced TPU Composites: Thermal Conductivity and Fatigue Resistance.” Advanced Functional Materials, 32(12), 2107895.
- Lee S., Park J. (2020). “Plasma Surface Treatment of Textile Substrates for Improved Adhesion in TPU Coatings.” Textile Research Journal, 90(13-14), 1678-1689 .
- Brown M., Davis P. (2018). “Interface Design Strategies for Multi-Layer TPU Composites.” Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 105, 156-167.
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